Thermo-gravimetric characterization of biomass properties: A review

The performance of mathematical models, which can be used to predict the properties of biomass, depends on accurate characterization of feedstock and their thermal decomposition. So, the phenomenon of evaporation, decomposition and combustion that gives the specific energy embedded in the biomass are essential properties, which need to be thoroughly investigated. However, the experimental procedure for ultimate analysis and heating value requires equipment that is highly sophisticated, expensive, and demand a lot of time. Even at that, detailed information about the thermal decomposition of a biomass source may not be obtained through these procedures. Given this, a rapid and cost-effective method is inevitable for industrial scale biomass utilization. Thermogravimetry has proven over the years to be a technique, which can be used to characterize the properties of biomass rapidly and efficiently. This review article outlines the application, advantages and challenges with Thermogravimetry as related to biomass characterisation. The literature survey was carried out on state-of-the-art on biomass characterization using a thermo-gravimetric analytical method. In overall, the research gap in the current status of biomass characterization by the application of Thermogravimetry was highlighted. The effect of heating rate, gas flow rate, experimental atmosphere, nature of sample and particle size, are identified for future research.