The Use of ESD's within Hybrid Microgrid Technology

Vikash Rameshar; Gulshan Sharma; Pitshou N. Bokoro

doi:10.1109/SAUPEC65723.2025.10944343

The Use of ESD's within Hybrid Microgrid Technology

Vikash Rameshar
, Gulshan Sharma
, Pitshou N. Bokoro

Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technology

University of Johannesburg

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

Microgrids are gaining traction by the generation of cleaner and reasonably priced electrical energy which utilizes renewable energy sources. Wind is one of the RES which has significant potential, though its operation and restricted due to variability in wind speed as the day progresses. To address the challenges of inconsistency and ensure a continuous supply to customers, a diesel engine generation system can be a viable solution. This research paper presents the design of diverse proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers to coordinate energy generation with load demand, thereby stabilizing the operation of the microgrid under varying operating conditions. The performance of the PID controllers is evaluated through the calculation of controller gains and by analysis of different error measures. Also investigated in this research is the impact of diverse energy storage devices (ESDs) in combination with the PID controllers for the microgrid. Observation within the results has shown that PIL-PID with the redox flow battery outperformed the other controllers and ESDs. This combination would benefit the microgrid for various working conditions.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
ISBN (Electronic)	9798331535162
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC65723.2025.10944343
Publication status	Published - 2025
Event	33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025 - Pretoria, South Africa Duration: 29 Jan 2025 → 30 Jan 2025

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025

Conference

Conference	33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025
Country/Territory	South Africa
City	Pretoria
Period	29/01/25 → 30/01/25

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Classic PID
ESD
Microgrid
PID
Pessen Integral Rule
RES

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Artificial Intelligence
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Modeling and Simulation

Access to Document

10.1109/SAUPEC65723.2025.10944343

Cite this

Rameshar, V., Sharma, G., & Bokoro, P. N. (2025). The Use of ESD's within Hybrid Microgrid Technology. In Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025 (Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC65723.2025.10944343

Rameshar, Vikash ; Sharma, Gulshan ; Bokoro, Pitshou N. / The Use of ESD's within Hybrid Microgrid Technology. Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. (Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025).

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title = "The Use of ESD's within Hybrid Microgrid Technology",

abstract = "Microgrids are gaining traction by the generation of cleaner and reasonably priced electrical energy which utilizes renewable energy sources. Wind is one of the RES which has significant potential, though its operation and restricted due to variability in wind speed as the day progresses. To address the challenges of inconsistency and ensure a continuous supply to customers, a diesel engine generation system can be a viable solution. This research paper presents the design of diverse proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers to coordinate energy generation with load demand, thereby stabilizing the operation of the microgrid under varying operating conditions. The performance of the PID controllers is evaluated through the calculation of controller gains and by analysis of different error measures. Also investigated in this research is the impact of diverse energy storage devices (ESDs) in combination with the PID controllers for the microgrid. Observation within the results has shown that PIL-PID with the redox flow battery outperformed the other controllers and ESDs. This combination would benefit the microgrid for various working conditions.",

keywords = "Classic PID, ESD, Microgrid, PID, Pessen Integral Rule, RES",

author = "Vikash Rameshar and Gulshan Sharma and Bokoro, \{Pitshou N.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.; 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025 ; Conference date: 29-01-2025 Through 30-01-2025",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/SAUPEC65723.2025.10944343",

language = "English",

series = "Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

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Rameshar, V, Sharma, G & Bokoro, PN 2025, The Use of ESD's within Hybrid Microgrid Technology. in Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025. Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025, Pretoria, South Africa, 29/01/25. https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC65723.2025.10944343

The Use of ESD's within Hybrid Microgrid Technology. / Rameshar, Vikash; Sharma, Gulshan ; Bokoro, Pitshou N.
Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. (Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - The Use of ESD's within Hybrid Microgrid Technology

AU - Rameshar, Vikash

AU - Sharma, Gulshan

AU - Bokoro, Pitshou N.

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Microgrids are gaining traction by the generation of cleaner and reasonably priced electrical energy which utilizes renewable energy sources. Wind is one of the RES which has significant potential, though its operation and restricted due to variability in wind speed as the day progresses. To address the challenges of inconsistency and ensure a continuous supply to customers, a diesel engine generation system can be a viable solution. This research paper presents the design of diverse proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers to coordinate energy generation with load demand, thereby stabilizing the operation of the microgrid under varying operating conditions. The performance of the PID controllers is evaluated through the calculation of controller gains and by analysis of different error measures. Also investigated in this research is the impact of diverse energy storage devices (ESDs) in combination with the PID controllers for the microgrid. Observation within the results has shown that PIL-PID with the redox flow battery outperformed the other controllers and ESDs. This combination would benefit the microgrid for various working conditions.

AB - Microgrids are gaining traction by the generation of cleaner and reasonably priced electrical energy which utilizes renewable energy sources. Wind is one of the RES which has significant potential, though its operation and restricted due to variability in wind speed as the day progresses. To address the challenges of inconsistency and ensure a continuous supply to customers, a diesel engine generation system can be a viable solution. This research paper presents the design of diverse proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers to coordinate energy generation with load demand, thereby stabilizing the operation of the microgrid under varying operating conditions. The performance of the PID controllers is evaluated through the calculation of controller gains and by analysis of different error measures. Also investigated in this research is the impact of diverse energy storage devices (ESDs) in combination with the PID controllers for the microgrid. Observation within the results has shown that PIL-PID with the redox flow battery outperformed the other controllers and ESDs. This combination would benefit the microgrid for various working conditions.

KW - Classic PID

KW - ESD

KW - Microgrid

KW - PID

KW - Pessen Integral Rule

KW - RES

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DO - 10.1109/SAUPEC65723.2025.10944343

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105002681498

T3 - Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025

BT - Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025

PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

T2 - 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025

Y2 - 29 January 2025 through 30 January 2025

ER -

Rameshar V, Sharma G , Bokoro PN. The Use of ESD's within Hybrid Microgrid Technology. In Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2025. (Proceedings of the 33rd Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference, SAUPEC 2025). doi: 10.1109/SAUPEC65723.2025.10944343

The Use of ESD's within Hybrid Microgrid Technology

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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