The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

M. Ackermann; M. Ajello; L. Baldini; J. Ballet; G. Barbiellini; D. Bastieri; R. Bellazzini; E. Bissaldi; R. D. Blandford; E. D. Bloom; R. Bonino; E. Bottacini; T. J. Brandt; J. Bregeon; P. Bruel; R. Buehler; R. A. Cameron; R. Caputo; P. A. Caraveo; D. Castro; E. Cavazzuti; E. Charles; C. C. Cheung; G. Chiaro; S. Ciprini; J. Cohen-Tanugi; D. Costantin; S. Cutini; F. D'Ammando; F. De Palma; A. Desai; N. Di Lalla; M. Di Mauro; L. Di Venere; C. Favuzzi; J. Finke; A. Franckowiak; Y. Fukazawa; S. Funk; P. Fusco; F. Gargano; D. Gasparrini; N. Giglietto; F. Giordano; M. Giroletti; D. Green; I. A. Grenier; L. Guillemot; S. Guiriec; E. Hays; J. W. Hewitt; D. Horan; G. Jóhannesson; S. Kensei; M. Kuss; S. Larsson; L. Latronico; M. Lemoine-Goumard; J. Li; F. Longo; F. Loparco; M. N. Lovellette; P. Lubrano; J. D. Magill; S. Maldera; A. Manfreda; M. N. Mazziotta; J. E. McEnery; M. Meyer; T. Mizuno; M. E. Monzani; A. Morselli; I. V. Moskalenko; M. Negro; E. Nuss; N. Omodei; M. Orienti; E. Orlando; J. F. Ormes; M. Palatiello; V. S. Paliya; D. Paneque; J. S. Perkins; M. Persic; M. Pesce-Rollins; F. Piron; T. A. Porter; G. Principe; S. Rainò; R. Rando; B. Rani; S. Razzaque; A. Reimer; O. Reimer; T. Reposeur; C. Sgrò; E. J. Siskind; G. Spandre; P. Spinelli; D. J. Suson; H. Tajima; J. B. Thayer; L. Tibaldo; D. F. Torres; G. Tosti; J. Valverde; T. M. Venters; M. Vogel; K. Wood; M. Wood; G. Zaharijas; J. Biteau

doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7

The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, P. A. Caraveo, D. CastroE. Cavazzuti, E. Charles, C. C. Cheung, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, J. Cohen-Tanugi, D. Costantin, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. De Palma, A. Desai, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, C. Favuzzi, J. Finke, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, E. Hays, J. W. Hewitt, D. Horan, G. Jóhannesson, S. Kensei, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, S. Maldera, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, M. Meyer, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, N. Omodei, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Palatiello, V. S. Paliya, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, S. Rainò, R. Rando, B. Rani, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, T. Reposeur, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, J. Valverde, T. M. Venters, M. Vogel, K. Wood, M. Wood, G. Zaharijas, J. Biteau

Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

139 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We present a search for spatial extension in high-latitude (|b| > 5°) sources in recent Fermi point source catalogs. The result is the Fermi High-Latitude Extended Sources Catalog, which provides source extensions (or upper limits thereof) and likelihood profiles for a suite of tested source morphologies. We find 24 extended sources, 19 of which were not previously characterized as extended. These include sources that are potentially associated with supernova remnants and star-forming regions. We also found extended γ-ray emission in the vicinity of the Cen A radio lobes and-at GeV energies for the first time-spatially coincident with the radio emission of the SNR CTA 1, as well as from the Crab Nebula. We also searched for halos around active galactic nuclei, which are predicted from electromagnetic cascades induced by the e⁺e^? pairs that are deflected in intergalactic magnetic fields. These pairs are produced when ?-rays interact with background radiation fields. We do not find evidence for extension in individual sources or in stacked source samples. This enables us to place limits on the flux of the extended source components, which are then used to constrain the intergalactic magnetic field to be stronger than 3 × 10^?16 G for a coherence length λ ≳ 10 kpc, even when conservative assumptions on the source duty cycle are made. This improves previous limits by several orders of magnitude.

Original language	English
Article number	32
Journal	Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
Volume	237
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7
Publication status	Published - Aug 2018

Keywords

BL Lacertae objects: general
ISM: H II Regions
ISM: supernova remnants
catalogs
gamma rays: general

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7

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Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Blandford, R. D., Bloom, E. D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Brandt, T. J., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Cameron, R. A., Caputo, R., Caraveo, P. A., ... Biteau, J. (2018). The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, 237(2), Article 32. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7

@article{be075ddb64aa4b5f9b1743fd39214443,

title = "The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope",

abstract = "We present a search for spatial extension in high-latitude (|b| > 5°) sources in recent Fermi point source catalogs. The result is the Fermi High-Latitude Extended Sources Catalog, which provides source extensions (or upper limits thereof) and likelihood profiles for a suite of tested source morphologies. We find 24 extended sources, 19 of which were not previously characterized as extended. These include sources that are potentially associated with supernova remnants and star-forming regions. We also found extended γ-ray emission in the vicinity of the Cen A radio lobes and-at GeV energies for the first time-spatially coincident with the radio emission of the SNR CTA 1, as well as from the Crab Nebula. We also searched for halos around active galactic nuclei, which are predicted from electromagnetic cascades induced by the e+e? pairs that are deflected in intergalactic magnetic fields. These pairs are produced when ?-rays interact with background radiation fields. We do not find evidence for extension in individual sources or in stacked source samples. This enables us to place limits on the flux of the extended source components, which are then used to constrain the intergalactic magnetic field to be stronger than 3 × 10?16 G for a coherence length λ ≳ 10 kpc, even when conservative assumptions on the source duty cycle are made. This improves previous limits by several orders of magnitude.",

keywords = "BL Lacertae objects: general, ISM: H II Regions, ISM: supernova remnants, catalogs, gamma rays: general",

author = "M. Ackermann and M. Ajello and L. Baldini and J. Ballet and G. Barbiellini and D. Bastieri and R. Bellazzini and E. Bissaldi and Blandford, {R. D.} and Bloom, {E. D.} and R. Bonino and E. Bottacini and Brandt, {T. J.} and J. Bregeon and P. Bruel and R. Buehler and Cameron, {R. A.} and R. Caputo and Caraveo, {P. A.} and D. Castro and E. Cavazzuti and E. Charles and Cheung, {C. C.} and G. Chiaro and S. Ciprini and J. Cohen-Tanugi and D. Costantin and S. Cutini and F. D'Ammando and {De Palma}, F. and A. Desai and {Di Lalla}, N. and {Di Mauro}, M. and {Di Venere}, L. and C. Favuzzi and J. Finke and A. Franckowiak and Y. Fukazawa and S. Funk and P. Fusco and F. Gargano and D. Gasparrini and N. Giglietto and F. Giordano and M. Giroletti and D. Green and Grenier, {I. A.} and L. Guillemot and S. Guiriec and E. Hays and Hewitt, {J. W.} and D. Horan and G. J{\'o}hannesson and S. Kensei and M. Kuss and S. Larsson and L. Latronico and M. Lemoine-Goumard and J. Li and F. Longo and F. Loparco and Lovellette, {M. N.} and P. Lubrano and Magill, {J. D.} and S. Maldera and A. Manfreda and Mazziotta, {M. N.} and McEnery, {J. E.} and M. Meyer and T. Mizuno and Monzani, {M. E.} and A. Morselli and Moskalenko, {I. V.} and M. Negro and E. Nuss and N. Omodei and M. Orienti and E. Orlando and Ormes, {J. F.} and M. Palatiello and Paliya, {V. S.} and D. Paneque and Perkins, {J. S.} and M. Persic and M. Pesce-Rollins and F. Piron and Porter, {T. A.} and G. Principe and S. Rain{\`o} and R. Rando and B. Rani and S. Razzaque and A. Reimer and O. Reimer and T. Reposeur and C. Sgr{\`o} and Siskind, {E. J.} and G. Spandre and P. Spinelli and Suson, {D. J.} and H. Tajima and Thayer, {J. B.} and L. Tibaldo and Torres, {D. F.} and G. Tosti and J. Valverde and Venters, {T. M.} and M. Vogel and K. Wood and M. Wood and G. Zaharijas and J. Biteau",

year = "2018",

month = aug,

doi = "10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7",

language = "English",

volume = "237",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series",

issn = "0067-0049",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "2",

}

Ackermann, M, Ajello, M, Baldini, L, Ballet, J, Barbiellini, G, Bastieri, D, Bellazzini, R, Bissaldi, E, Blandford, RD, Bloom, ED, Bonino, R, Bottacini, E, Brandt, TJ, Bregeon, J, Bruel, P, Buehler, R, Cameron, RA, Caputo, R, Caraveo, PA, Castro, D, Cavazzuti, E, Charles, E, Cheung, CC, Chiaro, G, Ciprini, S, Cohen-Tanugi, J, Costantin, D, Cutini, S, D'Ammando, F, De Palma, F, Desai, A, Di Lalla, N, Di Mauro, M, Di Venere, L, Favuzzi, C, Finke, J, Franckowiak, A, Fukazawa, Y, Funk, S, Fusco, P, Gargano, F, Gasparrini, D, Giglietto, N, Giordano, F, Giroletti, M, Green, D, Grenier, IA, Guillemot, L, Guiriec, S, Hays, E, Hewitt, JW, Horan, D, Jóhannesson, G, Kensei, S, Kuss, M, Larsson, S, Latronico, L, Lemoine-Goumard, M, Li, J, Longo, F, Loparco, F, Lovellette, MN, Lubrano, P, Magill, JD, Maldera, S, Manfreda, A, Mazziotta, MN, McEnery, JE, Meyer, M, Mizuno, T, Monzani, ME, Morselli, A, Moskalenko, IV, Negro, M, Nuss, E, Omodei, N, Orienti, M, Orlando, E, Ormes, JF, Palatiello, M, Paliya, VS, Paneque, D, Perkins, JS, Persic, M, Pesce-Rollins, M, Piron, F, Porter, TA, Principe, G, Rainò, S, Rando, R, Rani, B, Razzaque, S, Reimer, A, Reimer, O, Reposeur, T, Sgrò, C, Siskind, EJ, Spandre, G, Spinelli, P, Suson, DJ, Tajima, H, Thayer, JB, Tibaldo, L, Torres, DF, Tosti, G, Valverde, J, Venters, TM, Vogel, M, Wood, K, Wood, M, Zaharijas, G & Biteau, J 2018, 'The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope', Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, vol. 237, no. 2, 32. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

AU - Ackermann, M.

AU - Ajello, M.

AU - Baldini, L.

AU - Ballet, J.

AU - Barbiellini, G.

AU - Bastieri, D.

AU - Bellazzini, R.

AU - Bissaldi, E.

AU - Blandford, R. D.

AU - Bloom, E. D.

AU - Bonino, R.

AU - Bottacini, E.

AU - Brandt, T. J.

AU - Bregeon, J.

AU - Bruel, P.

AU - Buehler, R.

AU - Cameron, R. A.

AU - Caputo, R.

AU - Caraveo, P. A.

AU - Castro, D.

AU - Cavazzuti, E.

AU - Charles, E.

AU - Cheung, C. C.

AU - Chiaro, G.

AU - Ciprini, S.

AU - Cohen-Tanugi, J.

AU - Costantin, D.

AU - Cutini, S.

AU - D'Ammando, F.

AU - De Palma, F.

AU - Desai, A.

AU - Di Lalla, N.

AU - Di Mauro, M.

AU - Di Venere, L.

AU - Favuzzi, C.

AU - Finke, J.

AU - Franckowiak, A.

AU - Fukazawa, Y.

AU - Funk, S.

AU - Fusco, P.

AU - Gargano, F.

AU - Gasparrini, D.

AU - Giglietto, N.

AU - Giordano, F.

AU - Giroletti, M.

AU - Green, D.

AU - Grenier, I. A.

AU - Guillemot, L.

AU - Guiriec, S.

AU - Hays, E.

AU - Hewitt, J. W.

AU - Horan, D.

AU - Jóhannesson, G.

AU - Kensei, S.

AU - Kuss, M.

AU - Larsson, S.

AU - Latronico, L.

AU - Lemoine-Goumard, M.

AU - Li, J.

AU - Longo, F.

AU - Loparco, F.

AU - Lovellette, M. N.

AU - Lubrano, P.

AU - Magill, J. D.

AU - Maldera, S.

AU - Manfreda, A.

AU - Mazziotta, M. N.

AU - McEnery, J. E.

AU - Meyer, M.

AU - Mizuno, T.

AU - Monzani, M. E.

AU - Morselli, A.

AU - Moskalenko, I. V.

AU - Negro, M.

AU - Nuss, E.

AU - Omodei, N.

AU - Orienti, M.

AU - Orlando, E.

AU - Ormes, J. F.

AU - Palatiello, M.

AU - Paliya, V. S.

AU - Paneque, D.

AU - Perkins, J. S.

AU - Persic, M.

AU - Pesce-Rollins, M.

AU - Piron, F.

AU - Porter, T. A.

AU - Principe, G.

AU - Rainò, S.

AU - Rando, R.

AU - Rani, B.

AU - Razzaque, S.

AU - Reimer, A.

AU - Reimer, O.

AU - Reposeur, T.

AU - Sgrò, C.

AU - Siskind, E. J.

AU - Spandre, G.

AU - Spinelli, P.

AU - Suson, D. J.

AU - Tajima, H.

AU - Thayer, J. B.

AU - Tibaldo, L.

AU - Torres, D. F.

AU - Tosti, G.

AU - Valverde, J.

AU - Venters, T. M.

AU - Vogel, M.

AU - Wood, K.

AU - Wood, M.

AU - Zaharijas, G.

AU - Biteau, J.

PY - 2018/8

Y1 - 2018/8

N2 - We present a search for spatial extension in high-latitude (|b| > 5°) sources in recent Fermi point source catalogs. The result is the Fermi High-Latitude Extended Sources Catalog, which provides source extensions (or upper limits thereof) and likelihood profiles for a suite of tested source morphologies. We find 24 extended sources, 19 of which were not previously characterized as extended. These include sources that are potentially associated with supernova remnants and star-forming regions. We also found extended γ-ray emission in the vicinity of the Cen A radio lobes and-at GeV energies for the first time-spatially coincident with the radio emission of the SNR CTA 1, as well as from the Crab Nebula. We also searched for halos around active galactic nuclei, which are predicted from electromagnetic cascades induced by the e+e? pairs that are deflected in intergalactic magnetic fields. These pairs are produced when ?-rays interact with background radiation fields. We do not find evidence for extension in individual sources or in stacked source samples. This enables us to place limits on the flux of the extended source components, which are then used to constrain the intergalactic magnetic field to be stronger than 3 × 10?16 G for a coherence length λ ≳ 10 kpc, even when conservative assumptions on the source duty cycle are made. This improves previous limits by several orders of magnitude.

AB - We present a search for spatial extension in high-latitude (|b| > 5°) sources in recent Fermi point source catalogs. The result is the Fermi High-Latitude Extended Sources Catalog, which provides source extensions (or upper limits thereof) and likelihood profiles for a suite of tested source morphologies. We find 24 extended sources, 19 of which were not previously characterized as extended. These include sources that are potentially associated with supernova remnants and star-forming regions. We also found extended γ-ray emission in the vicinity of the Cen A radio lobes and-at GeV energies for the first time-spatially coincident with the radio emission of the SNR CTA 1, as well as from the Crab Nebula. We also searched for halos around active galactic nuclei, which are predicted from electromagnetic cascades induced by the e+e? pairs that are deflected in intergalactic magnetic fields. These pairs are produced when ?-rays interact with background radiation fields. We do not find evidence for extension in individual sources or in stacked source samples. This enables us to place limits on the flux of the extended source components, which are then used to constrain the intergalactic magnetic field to be stronger than 3 × 10?16 G for a coherence length λ ≳ 10 kpc, even when conservative assumptions on the source duty cycle are made. This improves previous limits by several orders of magnitude.

KW - BL Lacertae objects: general

KW - ISM: H II Regions

KW - ISM: supernova remnants

KW - catalogs

KW - gamma rays: general

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85052388013&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7

DO - 10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85052388013

SN - 0067-0049

VL - 237

JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series

JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series

IS - 2

M1 - 32

ER -

The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

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Keywords

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