The Occurrence, Effect and Biodegradation of Antibiotics Using Metallic Biogenic Nanomaterials in Water

Antibiotic resistance is one of the most serious risks to human health today, requiring the use of more toxic, expensive, and ineffective medications. Antibiotic resistance can be caused by several factors, including overuse of antibiotics in humans and cattle. In this scenario, experts are looking for innovative ways to combat this alarming condition. Nanoparticles have emerged as new tools that can be used to combat deadly bacterial infections directly or indirectly to overcome antibiotic resistance. Despite the fact that nanoparticles are used in the pharmaceutical sector, there is ongoing concern regarding their potential damage to human health. This book chapter therefore addresses the use of more environmentally friendly, cheap, biodegradable and harmless biogenic nanoparticles in biodegradation of antibiotics in waste water. This book chapter will also address the limitations that were associated with the old nanoparticles that were not biogenic. Proper recommendations on how to improve the already present biogenic nanomaterial will be proposed.