The Implementation of Education 5.0 under Funding Crisis in Zimbabwean Higher and Tertiary Education Institutions: The Challenges and Achievements

This systematic review study employed Marx‘s theory of economic determinism as the methodological and theoretical basis, respectively, to evaluate the implementation of Education 5.0 in the context of poor funding in Zimbabwe. Precisely, the study focused on the challenges and achievements realised in the implementation of Education 5.0. The study found that the management in higher and tertiary institutions managed to use explicit power to get the philosophy accepted by the lecturers and other stakeholders. However, there were a plethora of challenges related to the successful implementation of Education 5.0. Most importantly, Education 5.0 demanded more funding, which the struggling economy of Zimbabwe could hardly bear. Its implementation in relation to human, material, and infrastructural resources was found to be in a pathetic state to support the extra pillars of Education 5.0, such as innovation and industrialisation. The recommendations were that the government, together with other local and international partners, need to take a needs analysis stock and use it to identify the funding needs and increase funding while considering the potential of the local resources to support the philosophy.