The impact of technology in addressing the water crisis within local government

Water is a fundamental resource for both ecosystems and society. Chapter 2 of the South African Constitution, which outlines the Bill of Rights, guarantees every person the fundamental right to adequate access to water. Johannesburg Water, a municipal entity of the City of Johannesburg (CoJ), is critical in ensuring clean and reliable water services to safeguard public health. This study examines the role of technology in mitigating risks associated with water management in the public sector, using CoJ as a case study. Employing a quantitative research methodology within a case study framework, the study collected data from 111 participants, with results analyzed using descriptive analysis in SPSS v29. It investigates the impact of aging infrastructure on water service delivery, emphasizing the associated risks to public health due to frequent disruptions and water losses. It explores how the strategic implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies—such as real-time monitoring, leak detection, and optimized resource allocation—can enhance water management and mitigate these risks. Additionally, the study highlights the need for robust policy frameworks and sustained infrastructure investment to support sustainable water management practices, improve service delivery, and align with national water regulations and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, municipal leaders, and stakeholders to leverage technology for effective risk management and long-term water sustainability.