Techniques and applications of lignocellulose biomass sources as transport fuels and other bioproducts

Lignocellulosic materials are important, cheap and abundantly available biomass feedstock, which include agricultural waste or residues, micro algae, forestry and urban solid wastes for the production of fuels and platform chemicals. These renewable energy supplies assist in decreasing dependence on fossil fuels, greenhouse gas emissions and thus environmental pollution. The various stages necessary for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels and bio products include pre-treatment, hydrolysis, fermentation and product recovery. However, there are many challenges that need to be overcome for successful conversion into useful commercial products while minimizing the formation of by-products at the same time. Each technology involved in the bioconversion has its own characteristics and limitations. A general overview of the different technologies involved in the conversion of lignocellulosic materials is explored, assessed and analysed in this study. Lignocellulosic biomass is most likely to be an indispensable renewable source for the economic biofuels and bioproducts production because of its availability and sustainability. The biofuels and bioproducts have potentials to decrease the use of imported fossil resources thus providing economic benefits. The development of clean, green and renewable technologies will pave the way for commercialization.