Taguchi L9 (34) orthogonal array study based on methylene blue removal by single-walled carbon nanotubes-amine: Adsorption optimization using the experimental design method, kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics

Behanm Maazinejad; Osveh Mohammadnia; Gomaa A.M. Ali; Abdel S.H. Makhlouf; Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda; Mika Sillanpää; Abdullah M. Asiri; Shilpi Agarwal; Vinod Kumar Gupta; Hamidreza Sadegh

doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112001

Taguchi L₉ (3⁴) orthogonal array study based on methylene blue removal by single-walled carbon nanotubes-amine: Adsorption optimization using the experimental design method, kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics

Behanm Maazinejad, Osveh Mohammadnia, Gomaa A.M. Ali, Abdel S.H. Makhlouf, Mallikarjuna N. Nadagouda, Mika Sillanpää, Abdullah M. Asiri, Shilpi Agarwal, Vinod Kumar Gupta, Hamidreza Sadegh

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

97 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Taguchi orthogonal array (L₉ OA) experimental design was used to determine the optimum conditions for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye using single-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with an amine group (SWCNT-NH₂). The effects of the experimental parameters (MB initial concentration, SWCNT-NH₂ dosage, temperature and pH) on the removal efficiency were studied and optimized in terms of the standard average (SA) and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) in order to efficiently improve the process. Results showed that the initial concentration has the most significant impact on the adsorption of MB onto SWCNT-NH₂ and the best conditions were measured to be 20 mg/L initial MB concentration, 0.05 g SWCNT-NH₂ dosage, pH 9 and 50 °C. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to characterize the adsorbed surface before and after adsorption. Adsorption kinetics of SWCNT-NH₂ was studied and modelled using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models and it was best adjusted to the pseudo-second-order model. Moreover, Langmuir isotherm model with regression coefficient R² of 0.9479, was the best fit for the equilibrium adsorption study and the adsorption capacity was found to be 13.62 mg g⁻¹. The thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption of MB dye is spontaneous and endothermic.

Original language	English
Article number	112001
Journal	Journal of Molecular Liquids
Volume	298
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112001
Publication status	Published - 15 Jan 2020
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Adsorption performance
Carbon nanotubes
Dye removal
Methylene blue
Taguchi experimental design

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Condensed Matter Physics
Spectroscopy
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Materials Chemistry

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Maazinejad, B., Mohammadnia, O., Ali, G. A. M., Makhlouf, A. S. H., Nadagouda, M. N., Sillanpää, M., Asiri, A. M., Agarwal, S., Gupta, V. K., & Sadegh, H. (2020). Taguchi L₉ (3⁴) orthogonal array study based on methylene blue removal by single-walled carbon nanotubes-amine: Adsorption optimization using the experimental design method, kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 298, Article 112001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112001

@article{56832734500843f7b9f60d6e26fafd52,

title = "Taguchi L9 (34) orthogonal array study based on methylene blue removal by single-walled carbon nanotubes-amine: Adsorption optimization using the experimental design method, kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics",

abstract = "Taguchi orthogonal array (L9 OA) experimental design was used to determine the optimum conditions for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye using single-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with an amine group (SWCNT-NH2). The effects of the experimental parameters (MB initial concentration, SWCNT-NH2 dosage, temperature and pH) on the removal efficiency were studied and optimized in terms of the standard average (SA) and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) in order to efficiently improve the process. Results showed that the initial concentration has the most significant impact on the adsorption of MB onto SWCNT-NH2 and the best conditions were measured to be 20 mg/L initial MB concentration, 0.05 g SWCNT-NH2 dosage, pH 9 and 50 °C. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to characterize the adsorbed surface before and after adsorption. Adsorption kinetics of SWCNT-NH2 was studied and modelled using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models and it was best adjusted to the pseudo-second-order model. Moreover, Langmuir isotherm model with regression coefficient R2 of 0.9479, was the best fit for the equilibrium adsorption study and the adsorption capacity was found to be 13.62 mg g−1. The thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption of MB dye is spontaneous and endothermic.",

keywords = "Adsorption performance, Carbon nanotubes, Dye removal, Methylene blue, Taguchi experimental design",

author = "Behanm Maazinejad and Osveh Mohammadnia and Ali, {Gomaa A.M.} and Makhlouf, {Abdel S.H.} and Nadagouda, {Mallikarjuna N.} and Mika Sillanp{\"a}{\"a} and Asiri, {Abdullah M.} and Shilpi Agarwal and Gupta, {Vinod Kumar} and Hamidreza Sadegh",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2020",

month = jan,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112001",

language = "English",

volume = "298",

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Maazinejad, B, Mohammadnia, O, Ali, GAM, Makhlouf, ASH, Nadagouda, MN, Sillanpää, M, Asiri, AM, Agarwal, S, Gupta, VK & Sadegh, H 2020, 'Taguchi L₉ (3⁴) orthogonal array study based on methylene blue removal by single-walled carbon nanotubes-amine: Adsorption optimization using the experimental design method, kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics', Journal of Molecular Liquids, vol. 298, 112001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112001

Taguchi L₉ (3⁴) orthogonal array study based on methylene blue removal by single-walled carbon nanotubes-amine: Adsorption optimization using the experimental design method, kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics. / Maazinejad, Behanm; Mohammadnia, Osveh; Ali, Gomaa A.M. et al.
In: Journal of Molecular Liquids, Vol. 298, 112001, 15.01.2020.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Taguchi L9 (34) orthogonal array study based on methylene blue removal by single-walled carbon nanotubes-amine

T2 - Adsorption optimization using the experimental design method, kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics

AU - Maazinejad, Behanm

AU - Mohammadnia, Osveh

AU - Ali, Gomaa A.M.

AU - Makhlouf, Abdel S.H.

AU - Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.

AU - Sillanpää, Mika

AU - Asiri, Abdullah M.

AU - Agarwal, Shilpi

AU - Gupta, Vinod Kumar

AU - Sadegh, Hamidreza

PY - 2020/1/15

Y1 - 2020/1/15

N2 - Taguchi orthogonal array (L9 OA) experimental design was used to determine the optimum conditions for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye using single-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with an amine group (SWCNT-NH2). The effects of the experimental parameters (MB initial concentration, SWCNT-NH2 dosage, temperature and pH) on the removal efficiency were studied and optimized in terms of the standard average (SA) and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) in order to efficiently improve the process. Results showed that the initial concentration has the most significant impact on the adsorption of MB onto SWCNT-NH2 and the best conditions were measured to be 20 mg/L initial MB concentration, 0.05 g SWCNT-NH2 dosage, pH 9 and 50 °C. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to characterize the adsorbed surface before and after adsorption. Adsorption kinetics of SWCNT-NH2 was studied and modelled using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models and it was best adjusted to the pseudo-second-order model. Moreover, Langmuir isotherm model with regression coefficient R2 of 0.9479, was the best fit for the equilibrium adsorption study and the adsorption capacity was found to be 13.62 mg g−1. The thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption of MB dye is spontaneous and endothermic.

AB - Taguchi orthogonal array (L9 OA) experimental design was used to determine the optimum conditions for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye using single-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with an amine group (SWCNT-NH2). The effects of the experimental parameters (MB initial concentration, SWCNT-NH2 dosage, temperature and pH) on the removal efficiency were studied and optimized in terms of the standard average (SA) and signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) in order to efficiently improve the process. Results showed that the initial concentration has the most significant impact on the adsorption of MB onto SWCNT-NH2 and the best conditions were measured to be 20 mg/L initial MB concentration, 0.05 g SWCNT-NH2 dosage, pH 9 and 50 °C. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to characterize the adsorbed surface before and after adsorption. Adsorption kinetics of SWCNT-NH2 was studied and modelled using the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models and it was best adjusted to the pseudo-second-order model. Moreover, Langmuir isotherm model with regression coefficient R2 of 0.9479, was the best fit for the equilibrium adsorption study and the adsorption capacity was found to be 13.62 mg g−1. The thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption of MB dye is spontaneous and endothermic.

KW - Adsorption performance

KW - Carbon nanotubes

KW - Dye removal

KW - Methylene blue

KW - Taguchi experimental design

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DO - 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112001

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Maazinejad B, Mohammadnia O, Ali GAM, Makhlouf ASH, Nadagouda MN, Sillanpää M et al. Taguchi L₉ (3⁴) orthogonal array study based on methylene blue removal by single-walled carbon nanotubes-amine: Adsorption optimization using the experimental design method, kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2020 Jan 15;298:112001. doi: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112001