TY - JOUR
T1 - Switched-Beam Graphene Plasmonic Nanoantenna in the Terahertz Wave Region
AU - Dash, Sasmita
AU - Soni, Goutam
AU - Patnaik, Amalendu
AU - Liaskos, Christos
AU - Pitsillides, Andreas
AU - Akyildiz, Ian F.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - Large-distance communications beyond a few meters is challenging for Terahertz (THz) signals because of high spreading loss and absorption in the media. The smart antenna concept used for RF antennas to improve the signal-to-interference/noise level can be extended to these THz antennas. Out of the two types of implementations of this concept, viz. (i) adaptive array and (ii) switched-beam antenna, this paper presents the switched-beam nanoantenna for the THz wave region. Based on the Yagi-Uda antenna concept, switched-beam graphene nanoantennas over silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrate is proposed in this paper. In one case (Antenna-I), the antenna is able to switch the beam in ± 90º directions, whereas in the other case (Antenna-II), the switching directions are 0º, ± 90º, 180º. This pattern reconfigurability can also be observed over a frequency range leading to simultaneous pattern and frequency reconfigurable nature of the nanoantenna. The reconfigurability is obtained by changing the graphene conductivity through its chemical potential. Due to plasmonic wave propagation in graphene at THz, the proposed graphene nanoantenna resonates at a sub-wavelength scale. Design aspects and the working principle of switched-beam graphene plasmonic nanoantennas in the THz region are discussed in this paper.
AB - Large-distance communications beyond a few meters is challenging for Terahertz (THz) signals because of high spreading loss and absorption in the media. The smart antenna concept used for RF antennas to improve the signal-to-interference/noise level can be extended to these THz antennas. Out of the two types of implementations of this concept, viz. (i) adaptive array and (ii) switched-beam antenna, this paper presents the switched-beam nanoantenna for the THz wave region. Based on the Yagi-Uda antenna concept, switched-beam graphene nanoantennas over silicon dioxide (SiO2) substrate is proposed in this paper. In one case (Antenna-I), the antenna is able to switch the beam in ± 90º directions, whereas in the other case (Antenna-II), the switching directions are 0º, ± 90º, 180º. This pattern reconfigurability can also be observed over a frequency range leading to simultaneous pattern and frequency reconfigurable nature of the nanoantenna. The reconfigurability is obtained by changing the graphene conductivity through its chemical potential. Due to plasmonic wave propagation in graphene at THz, the proposed graphene nanoantenna resonates at a sub-wavelength scale. Design aspects and the working principle of switched-beam graphene plasmonic nanoantennas in the THz region are discussed in this paper.
KW - Frequency reconfiguration
KW - Graphene
KW - Plasmonics
KW - Switched-beam antenna
KW - Terahertz
KW - Yagi-Uda antenna
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104716766&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11468-021-01449-y
DO - 10.1007/s11468-021-01449-y
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85104716766
SN - 1557-1955
VL - 16
SP - 1855
EP - 1864
JO - Plasmonics
JF - Plasmonics
IS - 5
ER -