Sustainable CNT/MnO_X Composites for Eco-Friendly Lithium-Ion Batteries: An Overview

Interest in eco-friendly lithium-ion battery (Ec-LIB) materials has increased due to the rising need for high-performance and sustainable energy storage alternatives. Agro–carbon nanotubes (Agro–CNTs), obtained from renewable agricultural waste, have emerged as promising candidates for green and economical substitutes to traditional chemically synthesized carbon nanotubes (Chem-CNTs). When paired with manganese oxide (MnO_x), a cheap and abundant metal oxide, Agro–CNT/MnOx composites reveal synergistic properties that boost electrochemical performance. This review highlights the potential of Agro–CNT/MnOx nanocomposites as sustainable and high-performance electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The use of these sustainable materials in LIB fabrication aligns with global regulatory trends, promoting environmentally beneficial technologies and paving the way for the widespread adoption of clean energy solutions. By integrating renewable resources into energy storage systems, Agro–CNT/MnOx nanocomposites can contribute to the establishment of a more sustainable and environmentally responsible energy infrastructure. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current progress, synthesis techniques, fabrication methods, challenges, and future opportunities for leveraging Agro-CNT/MnOx composites in next-generation LIBs.