Structural determinants of the uptake of cyber-physical systems for facilities management – a confirmatory factor analysis approach

Purpose: Cyber-physical systems (CPS) offer improved delivery of facilities management (FM) mandates through their advanced computational capabilities. Using second-order multivariate analysis, this study explores the drivers of the espousal of this digital technology for FM. Design/methodology/approach: The study employed a deductive approach underpinned by a post-positivist philosophical stance using a quantitative technique aided by a well-structured questionnaire. Data retrieved from the study’s respondents were analysed with descriptive statistics, Kruskal–Wallis h-test, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Findings: The result of the analysis conducted portrayed evidence of convergence and good measures while the estimated model parameters all attained prescribed fit indexes. Also, it was revealed that the most influential drivers for the uptake of CPS for FM mandates are resource allocation for system procurement, top management willingness, system stability and compatibility with the previous system. Practical implications: The study’s findings unravel the necessitated parameters that would instigate the adoption of CPS for the delivery of FM activities by organisations while also propelling the digital transformation of construction project delivery at the post-occupancy phase. Originality/value: This is the first study to empirically assess the propelling measures for incorporating CPS for FM using second-order multivariate analysis. Consequently, the study's outcome helps close this knowledge gap.