STAR-RISs Versus Full-Duplex Decode-and-Forward Relaying: Which is Better?

Taissir Y. Elganimi; Khaled M. Rabie; Mahmoud Aldababsa; Xingwang Li; Mohamed Slim Alouini

doi:10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3602930

STAR-RISs Versus Full-Duplex Decode-and-Forward Relaying: Which is Better?

Taissir Y. Elganimi
, Khaled M. Rabie
, Mahmoud Aldababsa
, Xingwang Li
, Mohamed Slim Alouini

University of Tripoli
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
Nisantasi Universitesi
Henan Polytechnic University
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) technology was recently proposed to address the issue of the limited coverage area of RISs. This technology is capable of providing reflection and refraction for signals towards both sides of the surface. This letter compares STAR-RIS, conventional RIS and traditional half-duplex (HD) and full-duplex (FD) decode-and-forward (DF) relaying in terms of the rate and energy efficiency (EE). The simulation results showed that large surfaces and very high rates are needed in STAR-RISs to outperform the HD- and FD-DF relaying, where the EE is maximized by minimizing the total power.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2556-2560
Number of pages	5
Journal	IEEE Communications Letters
Volume	29
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3602930
Publication status	Published - 2025
Externally published	Yes

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

STAR-RIS
achievable rate
energy efficiency
full-duplex decode-and-forward relaying
repetition coding

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Modeling and Simulation
Computer Science Applications
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Access to Document

10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3602930

Cite this

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title = "STAR-RISs Versus Full-Duplex Decode-and-Forward Relaying: Which is Better?",

abstract = "Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) technology was recently proposed to address the issue of the limited coverage area of RISs. This technology is capable of providing reflection and refraction for signals towards both sides of the surface. This letter compares STAR-RIS, conventional RIS and traditional half-duplex (HD) and full-duplex (FD) decode-and-forward (DF) relaying in terms of the rate and energy efficiency (EE). The simulation results showed that large surfaces and very high rates are needed in STAR-RISs to outperform the HD- and FD-DF relaying, where the EE is maximized by minimizing the total power.",

keywords = "STAR-RIS, achievable rate, energy efficiency, full-duplex decode-and-forward relaying, repetition coding",

author = "Elganimi, \{Taissir Y.\} and Rabie, \{Khaled M.\} and Mahmoud Aldababsa and Xingwang Li and Alouini, \{Mohamed Slim\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 1997-2012 IEEE.",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3602930",

language = "English",

volume = "29",

pages = "2556--2560",

journal = "IEEE Communications Letters",

issn = "1089-7798",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - STAR-RISs Versus Full-Duplex Decode-and-Forward Relaying

T2 - Which is Better?

AU - Elganimi, Taissir Y.

AU - Rabie, Khaled M.

AU - Aldababsa, Mahmoud

AU - Li, Xingwang

AU - Alouini, Mohamed Slim

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) technology was recently proposed to address the issue of the limited coverage area of RISs. This technology is capable of providing reflection and refraction for signals towards both sides of the surface. This letter compares STAR-RIS, conventional RIS and traditional half-duplex (HD) and full-duplex (FD) decode-and-forward (DF) relaying in terms of the rate and energy efficiency (EE). The simulation results showed that large surfaces and very high rates are needed in STAR-RISs to outperform the HD- and FD-DF relaying, where the EE is maximized by minimizing the total power.

AB - Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs) technology was recently proposed to address the issue of the limited coverage area of RISs. This technology is capable of providing reflection and refraction for signals towards both sides of the surface. This letter compares STAR-RIS, conventional RIS and traditional half-duplex (HD) and full-duplex (FD) decode-and-forward (DF) relaying in terms of the rate and energy efficiency (EE). The simulation results showed that large surfaces and very high rates are needed in STAR-RISs to outperform the HD- and FD-DF relaying, where the EE is maximized by minimizing the total power.

KW - STAR-RIS

KW - achievable rate

KW - energy efficiency

KW - full-duplex decode-and-forward relaying

KW - repetition coding

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105014637920

U2 - 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3602930

DO - 10.1109/LCOMM.2025.3602930

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105014637920

SN - 1089-7798

VL - 29

SP - 2556

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JO - IEEE Communications Letters

JF - IEEE Communications Letters

IS - 11

ER -

STAR-RISs Versus Full-Duplex Decode-and-Forward Relaying: Which is Better?

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

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Recent Findings from University of Tripoli Has Provided New Information about Technology (Star-riss Versus Full-duplex Decode-and-forward Relaying: Which Is Better?)

Cite this

STAR-RISs Versus Full-Duplex Decode-and-Forward Relaying: Which is Better?

Abstract

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Press/Media

Recent Findings from University of Tripoli Has Provided New Information about Technology (Star-riss Versus Full-duplex Decode-and-forward Relaying: Which Is Better?)

Cite this