South Africa clean energy transition: The future of green hydrogen energy technology

This study investigates the potential of green hydrogen (GH₂) as a key component in South Africa's clean energy transition, addressing critical gaps in understanding its technological, economic, and infrastructural viability. Using a mixed methods approach, the study integrates quantitative survey data to analysed public and stakeholder perceptions, alongside qualitative case studies of strategic ports, such as Coega and Saldanha Bay, to assess the practical implications of GH₂ production and export. Findings reveal strong public support for GH₂, with 83.5 % of participants recognizing its importance for the country's energy future, driven by its environmental benefits and economic potential. However, significant challenges are identified, including high production costs and infrastructural deficiencies, particularly the lack of hydrogen storage and transportation infrastructure, which 80 % of respondents highlighted as a major obstacle. Case studies of Coega and Saldanha Bay emphasize these locations’ strategic importance in GH₂ production while offering insights into global market dynamics and the role of GH₂ in South Africa's broader clean energy ecosystem. The study also addresses the long-term societal and economic impacts of GH₂, exploring potential job creation, regional development, and synergies with other clean energy technologies like solar and wind. Recommendations are made for policy, infrastructure development, and educational initiatives to overcome these challenges and facilitate GH₂ integration into South Africa's energy framework.