Resilient and Profitable Peer-to-peer Energy Transactions in Microgrids Using Coalitional Game Theory and Incentive Mechanisms

The growth of decentralized renewable energy generation has led to the development of peer-to-peer (P2P) energy transactions, enabling direct energy exchange between users within community microgrids. This paper presents a resilient P2P energy trading framework using coalitional game theory to address renewable energy generation and load demand uncertainties. The framework allows prosumers to form coalitions, optimizing energy transactions by managing resources collectively. Contract constraints are designed to control risks to incentivize participation and ensure secure and predictable outcomes. A Shapley value-based payoff scheme ensures fair profit distribution, fostering cooperation within the coalition. Comprehensive simulations validate the framework's effectiveness in managing uncertainties, optimizing profits, and enhancing microgrid resilience. The results demonstrate the potential of coalitional game theory in enabling sustainable and profitable P2P energy trading, offering a robust solution for improving the reliability and economic viability of decentralized energy systems amid increasing renewable energy adoption.