TY - JOUR
T1 - Preparation and Characterisation of Cellulose by Delignification of Eteng (Ceiba pentandra) Wood in Formic Acid-Acetic Acid-Water Solvent Mixtures
AU - Assonfack, Herman Lekane
AU - Yona Cheumani, Arnaud Maxime
AU - Ndinteh, Derek
AU - Lembe, Jordan Tonga
AU - Nga, Josiane Bertille
AU - Ndikontar, Maurice Kor
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - Cellulose is a natural polymer obtained from plants with applications in various industrial sectors such as pulp and paper, textiles, coatings, fibre composites, and nanomaterials. This work studied the extraction of cellulose from a tropical agricultural plant residue Ceiba pentandra (C. pentandra) using the organosolv method formic acid (FA)-acetic acid (AA)-water (Wa) mixtures as a function of temperature, time, and composition the cooking solvent mixture. Three different volume ratios FA:AA:Wa of 50:30:20, 40:40:20 and 20:30:50 were investigated. Reaction temperature was varied between 80 and 107 °C and the duration between 40 and 200 min. The efficacy of the cooking reaction was determined by the fibre percent yield and Kappa number of the cooking residue. Cooking residues with relatively higher yields (50–70%) were compared with the conventional Kraft method. The residues with yields between 50 and 60% were bleachable as revealed by their Kappa numbers of around 10–12. Some residues were bleached and the products were characterised by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyses (TG-DTG) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the bleached products had properties close to those of commercial cellulose exhibiting almost similar FTIR spectra and TG-DTG curves. The optimum formic acid-acetic acid-water mixture 50:30:20 at a mild temperature of 107 °C for 3 h, exhibited an activation energy Ea = 141.12 kJ mol-1 K-1 and a high crystallinity rate of 72.95% compared to Kraft and Alcell celluloses. This method can be used as a relatively soft route (at mild temperatures, atmospheric pressure) to produce cellulose from the lignocellulosic residues of tropical eteng, C. pentandra.
AB - Cellulose is a natural polymer obtained from plants with applications in various industrial sectors such as pulp and paper, textiles, coatings, fibre composites, and nanomaterials. This work studied the extraction of cellulose from a tropical agricultural plant residue Ceiba pentandra (C. pentandra) using the organosolv method formic acid (FA)-acetic acid (AA)-water (Wa) mixtures as a function of temperature, time, and composition the cooking solvent mixture. Three different volume ratios FA:AA:Wa of 50:30:20, 40:40:20 and 20:30:50 were investigated. Reaction temperature was varied between 80 and 107 °C and the duration between 40 and 200 min. The efficacy of the cooking reaction was determined by the fibre percent yield and Kappa number of the cooking residue. Cooking residues with relatively higher yields (50–70%) were compared with the conventional Kraft method. The residues with yields between 50 and 60% were bleachable as revealed by their Kappa numbers of around 10–12. Some residues were bleached and the products were characterised by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analyses (TG-DTG) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the bleached products had properties close to those of commercial cellulose exhibiting almost similar FTIR spectra and TG-DTG curves. The optimum formic acid-acetic acid-water mixture 50:30:20 at a mild temperature of 107 °C for 3 h, exhibited an activation energy Ea = 141.12 kJ mol-1 K-1 and a high crystallinity rate of 72.95% compared to Kraft and Alcell celluloses. This method can be used as a relatively soft route (at mild temperatures, atmospheric pressure) to produce cellulose from the lignocellulosic residues of tropical eteng, C. pentandra.
KW - Ceiba pentandra
KW - Cellulose
KW - Formic acid/acetic acid delignification
KW - Kappa number
KW - Organosolv
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85141479141&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10924-022-02641-9
DO - 10.1007/s10924-022-02641-9
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85141479141
SN - 1566-2543
VL - 31
SP - 913
EP - 921
JO - Journal of Polymers and the Environment
JF - Journal of Polymers and the Environment
IS - 3
ER -