Potential, concepts, and key advances for a ubiquitous adaptive indigenous microengineering and nanoengineering in 6G network

The wireless communication is an integral part of the human life, which has been evolved from first generation (1G) to fifth generation (5G) where prime emphasis is on the enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communication (urLLC), and massive machine type communication (mMTC). Further, we are working towards the sixth generation (6G) network where microtechnology and nanotechnology will play a key role to provide worldwide coverage, increased spectral/energy/cost efficiency, and improved intelligence and protection. This paper emphasizes on the prime enabling technologies that are enabled by the microengineering and nanoengineering in 6G framework to meet these needs. Started with the detailed study and analysis of 6G networks such as evolution from 1G to 6G and prime difference between 5G and 6G. Further, the potential 6G dimensions, architecture of microtechnology and nanotechnology designs, and key techniques required in 6G networks are explored in detail. Moreover, the role of cognitive technologies for development of micro- and nano-perspective in 6G networks is presented. Furthermore, after discussing about the application areas, finally, the prime research challenges and potential future research directions are illustrated.