TY - JOUR
T1 - Potential Application of Photosensitizers With High-Z Elements for Synergic Cancer Therapy
AU - Sarbadhikary, Paromita
AU - George, Blassan P.
AU - Abrahamse, Heidi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2022 Sarbadhikary, George and Abrahamse.
PY - 2022/6/28
Y1 - 2022/6/28
N2 - The presence of heavy elements in photosensitizers (PS) strongly influences their electronic and photophysical properties, and hence, conjugation of PS with a suitable element is regarded as a potential strategy to improve their photodynamic properties. Moreover, PS conjugated to metal ion or metal complex and heavy atoms such as halogen have attracted considerable attention as promising agents for multimodal or synergistic cancer therapy. These tetrapyrrole compounds depending on the type and nature of the inorganic elements have been explored for photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemotherapy, X-ray photon activation therapy (PAT), and radiotherapy. Particularly, the combination of metal-based PS and X-ray irradiation has been investigated as a promising novel approach for treating deep-seated tumors, which in the case of PDT is a major limitation due to low light penetration in tissue. This review will summarize the present status of evidence on the effect of insertion of metal or halogen on the photophysical properties of PS and the effectiveness of various metal and halogenated PS investigated for PDT, chemotherapy, and PAT as mono and/or combination therapy.
AB - The presence of heavy elements in photosensitizers (PS) strongly influences their electronic and photophysical properties, and hence, conjugation of PS with a suitable element is regarded as a potential strategy to improve their photodynamic properties. Moreover, PS conjugated to metal ion or metal complex and heavy atoms such as halogen have attracted considerable attention as promising agents for multimodal or synergistic cancer therapy. These tetrapyrrole compounds depending on the type and nature of the inorganic elements have been explored for photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemotherapy, X-ray photon activation therapy (PAT), and radiotherapy. Particularly, the combination of metal-based PS and X-ray irradiation has been investigated as a promising novel approach for treating deep-seated tumors, which in the case of PDT is a major limitation due to low light penetration in tissue. This review will summarize the present status of evidence on the effect of insertion of metal or halogen on the photophysical properties of PS and the effectiveness of various metal and halogenated PS investigated for PDT, chemotherapy, and PAT as mono and/or combination therapy.
KW - X-ray photon activation therapy
KW - chemotherapy
KW - chlorophyll derivatives
KW - heavy atoms
KW - metals
KW - photodynamic therapy
KW - tetrapyrroles
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133935343&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fphar.2022.921729
DO - 10.3389/fphar.2022.921729
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85133935343
SN - 1663-9812
VL - 13
JO - Frontiers in Pharmacology
JF - Frontiers in Pharmacology
M1 - 921729
ER -