Polymer membrane for desalination and distillation

Nowadays, there has been growing interest in membrane distillation technology for treating high-salinity water or contaminated wastewater. This hybrid technology combines the advantages of membrane separation and thermal distillation. This process is based on transmembrane partial vapor pressure, which leads to the transport of only water vapor molecules through a hydrophobic microfiltration membrane. This chapter explores the key properties and advantages of polymer membranes in desalination and distillation, including their high selectivity, scalability, and potential for customization. Additionally, it highlights recent advancements in membrane technology, such as the integration of novel materials, surface modifications, and innovative module designs. These developments hold the promise of significantly improving the overall sustainability and cost-effectiveness of desalination and distillation processes, contributing to a more sustainable and water-secure future.