Nanopackaging for Storage of Horticultural Crops

The continued desire to maintain the quality and improve the storability of horticultural crops remains a challenge due to their perishable nature, vulnerability to microbial attacks, and high rate of physiological changes after harvest. Traditional packaging methods, such as the use of non-biodegradable plastics, effective for decades, are increasingly inadequate in terms of both efficacy and sustainability. This chapter provides a concise overview of the transformative impact of nanotechnology as a packaging solution, now referred to as nanopackaging. Furthermore, advanced systems that incorporate intelligent, active, and smart packaging technologies and utilize nanomaterials such as metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, nanoclays, carbon-based materials, and biopolymer-based composites will be discussed to address postharvest losses from multiple perspectives. These innovations facilitate various functions, including the slowdown of spoilage, ethylene scavenging, enhancement of barrier properties, and early detection of contamination. Furthermore, practical applications of nanopackaging in the preservation of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental crops, while critically assessing the associated safety, regulatory, and environmental considerations, are also reviewed. Overall, this chapter underscores the potential of nanotechnology to provide not merely incremental improvements but transformative solutions in postharvest management, thereby advancing the pursuit of sustainable and efficient food packaging practices.