Molecular characterisation and regulation of a Nicotiana tabacum S-domain receptor-like kinase gene induced during an early rapid response to lipopolysaccharides

The isolation, characterization and regulation of the first lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-responsive S-domain receptor-like kinase (RLK) in . Nicotiana tabacum are reported. The gene, corresponding to a differentially expressed LPS-responsive EST, was fully characterised to investigate its involvement in LPS-induced responses. The full genomic sequence, designated . Nt-Sd-RLK, encodes for a S-domain RLK protein containing conserved modules (B-lectin-, S- and PAN-domains) reported to function in mediating protein-protein and protein-carbohydrate interactions in its extracellular domain, as well as the molecular architecture to transduce signals intracellularly through a Ser/Thr kinase domain. Phylogenetic analysis clustered . Nt-Sd-RLK with S-domain RLKs induced by bacteria, wounding and salicylic acid. Perception of LPS induced a rapid, bi-phasic response in . Nt-Sd-RLK expression with a 17-fold up-regulation at 3 and 9. h. A defence-related W-box . cis element was found in the promoter region of . Nt-Sd-RLK and the transient induction of . Nt-Sd-RLK in cultured cells by LPS exhibited a pattern typical of early response defence genes. . Nt-Sd-RLK was also responsive to salicylic acid induction and was expressed in differentiated leaf tissue, where LPS elicited local as well as systemic up-regulation. The results contribute new knowledge about the potential role that S-domain RLKs may play within interactive signal transduction pathways associated with immunity and defence.