Modelling and Simulation of Emission Reduction of Diesel Engine by Phase Change Materials (PCM)

In practical application, diesel engines cannot be overemphasized but the drawback of emissions needs to be taken care of. These emissions come in form of sulphur oxides, greenhouse gas, carbon monoxide, particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. Photochemical smog formation is attributed to nitrogen oxides which increases hydroxyl-radical concentrations and tropospheric ozone. The other emissions like sulphuric oxides lead to the formation of sulphuric acid which also leads to adverse effects on human respiratory organ. Carbon monoxide is toxic and can lead to blockage of oxygen in human blood and lead to death. This research is aimed at reducing nitrogen oxides emissions by enhancing and optimizing emission reduction method using phase change materials via experimental work in the literature review and computational fluid dynamic modelling and simulation. This study looks into the environmental impact of diesel emission from fuel combustion. The evaluation consists of a literature study, numerical modeling and simulations of phase change materials with analysis of system software in combustion analysis and comparing the result of combustion with adding the phase change materials. The comparison consists of engine performance, and emission reduction in percent (%). Hence, by introducing the paraffin wax near to the cylinder head of the exhaust port, nitrogen oxide emission was reduced by 45 %. This study would enhance experimental work by researchers by minute modification of the engine block in order to reduce thermal nitrogen oxides.