Mitigating Generation Schedule Deviation of Wind Farm Using Battery Energy Storage System

Meeting the generation schedule in a wind farm is a major issue. This work utilized battery energy storage systems (BESS) integrated wind farms (WF) to supply energy to the power grid at a pre-determined generation schedule, which was set previously based on the meteorological forecast and BESS characteristics. This study proposed the integration of two independently controlled BESS into the WF to balance stochastic power deviations between actual wind power and scheduled power. By utilizing linear optimization and solving in MATLAB, simulation models of the operations of BESS-integrated WF have been developed. The technical performance of the BESS-integrated wind farm on meeting the generation schedule, along with the cost benefits and profit attributed to the BESS, is therefore measured by a series of indices. The simulation on a practical wind farm, i.e., Adama-I WF, Ethiopia shows that even though it depends on the type of state exchanging strategy adopted, the developed methodology of integrating BESS into the WF is effective and BESS profits can totally cover the cost. Technical and economic indices that resulted from the integration of two separate BESSs with independent control were compared with indices that resulted from integrating a single BESS. Simulation results show that operating the wind farm with two independently controlled batteries has better performance as compared to operating with a single battery. It also shows that the discharging and charging state exchanging approaches of the BESS (in the case of two battery integration), as well as the number of batteries integrated into the wind farm, have significant impacts on the performance of the WF integrated with BESS.