TY - JOUR
T1 - Mechanical damages and packaging methods along the fresh fruit supply chain
T2 - A review
AU - Lin, Menghua
AU - Fawole, Olaniyi Amos
AU - Saeys, Wouter
AU - Wu, Di
AU - Wang, Jun
AU - Opara, Umezuruike Linus
AU - Nicolai, Bart
AU - Chen, Kunsong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Mechanical damage of fresh fruit occurs throughout the postharvest supply chain leading to poor consumer acceptance and marketability. In this review, the mechanisms of damage development are discussed first. Mathematical modeling provides advanced ways to describe and predict the deformation of fruit with arbitrary geometry, which is important to understand their mechanical responses to external forces. Also, the effects of damage at the cellular and molecular levels are discussed as this provides insight into fruit physiological responses to damage. Next, direct measurement methods for damage including manual evaluation, optical detection, magnetic resonance imaging, and X-ray computed tomography are examined, as well as indirect methods based on physiochemical indexes. Also, methods to measure fruit susceptibility to mechanical damage based on the bruise threshold and the amount of damage per unit of impact energy are reviewed. Further, commonly used external and interior packaging and their applications in reducing damage are summarized, and a recent biomimetic approach for designing novel lightweight packaging inspired by the fruit pericarp. Finally, future research directions are provided.HIGHLIGHTS Mathematical modeling has been increasingly used to calculate damage to fruit. Cell and molecular mechanisms response to fruit damage is an under-explored area. Susceptibility measurement of different mechanical forces has received attention. Customized design of reusable and biodegradable packaging is a hot topic of research.
AB - Mechanical damage of fresh fruit occurs throughout the postharvest supply chain leading to poor consumer acceptance and marketability. In this review, the mechanisms of damage development are discussed first. Mathematical modeling provides advanced ways to describe and predict the deformation of fruit with arbitrary geometry, which is important to understand their mechanical responses to external forces. Also, the effects of damage at the cellular and molecular levels are discussed as this provides insight into fruit physiological responses to damage. Next, direct measurement methods for damage including manual evaluation, optical detection, magnetic resonance imaging, and X-ray computed tomography are examined, as well as indirect methods based on physiochemical indexes. Also, methods to measure fruit susceptibility to mechanical damage based on the bruise threshold and the amount of damage per unit of impact energy are reviewed. Further, commonly used external and interior packaging and their applications in reducing damage are summarized, and a recent biomimetic approach for designing novel lightweight packaging inspired by the fruit pericarp. Finally, future research directions are provided.HIGHLIGHTS Mathematical modeling has been increasingly used to calculate damage to fruit. Cell and molecular mechanisms response to fruit damage is an under-explored area. Susceptibility measurement of different mechanical forces has received attention. Customized design of reusable and biodegradable packaging is a hot topic of research.
KW - Mechanical response
KW - fruit susceptibility
KW - mathematical modeling
KW - packaging
KW - physiological response
KW - postharvest handling
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85131658802&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/10408398.2022.2078783
DO - 10.1080/10408398.2022.2078783
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85131658802
SN - 1040-8398
VL - 63
SP - 10283
EP - 10302
JO - Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
JF - Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition
IS - 30
ER -