Magnetic nanoparticle as a new cutting-edge drug delivery and diagnostic platform: a review on its properties, synthesis, surface modification and applications

MNPs have extensive array of healthcare utilization, like targeted drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hyperthermia therapy, and biosensing. The review paper aims to perform an in-depth detailing of MNPs as a therapeutic and diagonostic platform. The article discusses fundamental law governing magnetic targeting and explores most widely used synthesis methods like precipitation, co-precipitation, thermal decomposition, and green synthesis. It encompasses significant features of MNPs including surface chemistry and functionalization with various functional agents, such as polymer, bioactive molecules, inorganic metals and oxide and organic surfactant. Studies have found that coated MNPs are more biocompatible and protects it from quick elimination. It also highlights current researches for different applications of MNPs along with the commercially available magnetic products. It draws attentions to current challenges and future directions in the field of MNPs. All the current investigations summarized in the present review article has shown the potential of MNPs in personalized medicine with advancement in eco-friendly synthesis and surface functionalization ability.