Low-dimensional lead chromate-based hybrid system for capacitance and polarization performances: a flexible device for pressure-induced voltage generator

Organic molecule–functionalized lead chromate nanoparticle was synthesized using a complexation strategy route. The structural characterization revealed the single-phase lead chromate system belongs to monazite-type monoclinic structure with the space group of P2₁/n. The unit cell consists of an alternating chain of polyhedra (PbO₉) and tetrahedra (CrO₄) units, connected via edge and corner-sharing arrangement. A flexible device of lead chromate was fabricated and investigated dielectric capacitance, electrical impedance, conductivity, and field dependent polarization performances under different frequency and temperature environments. The device displayed a maximum dielectric constant (εʹ) value ~ 2400 at 120°C under 100 Hz frequency condition. High dielectric constant value is originated from the orientation polarization of CrO₄ unit and space charge contribution in the system. AC conductivity of the device suggested the polaronic charge carriers control the overall conduction process via localized hopping mechanism. A fatigue-free polarization behavior was observed in the device under the applied field of 4.0 kV/mm, for 10³ cycles and retained the polarization value ~ 0.26 μC/cm² over the switching cycles. Lead chromate–based device also showed pressure-induced voltage generation under different pressure conditions and could have the potential application as a voltage generator.