LoRa Based Metrics Evaluation for Real-Time Landslide Monitoring on IoT Platform

In the context of an early warning system for landslides, monitoring of prone areas is a long-lasting process, little human intervention, and a resource less environment. Data changes in the monitoring area may be noticed in many days, months, or years depending on the weather characteristics. Therefore, a frequent and large amount of data of monitored area is not required to send on a cloud server. Moreover, Long-range communication provided comprehensive spectrum communication protocol and low power consumption with fewer data rates. Over the advantage of LoRa technology, we designed a customized sensor node and gateway node to monitor the changes periodically with low energy power consumption. We evaluated the distinct metrics of spreading factor, sensitivity, time-on-air, energy consumption, link budget, and battery life of sensor and gateway nodes. Finally, this study concludes with challenges faced in real-time in which the sensor data received via a customized sensor node and gateway on the cloud server.