Load Frequency Control of a Two-Area Power System with a Stand-Alone Microgrid Based on Adaptive Model Predictive Control

This article proposes an adaptive model predictive control (AMPC) technique for load frequency control of a two-area interconnected power system with a stand-alone microgrid. A generalized state-space model of a typical stand-alone microgrid having controllable and uncontrollable generating power sources is derived to predict the future output and control inputs for the microgrid frequency control. The main aim is to solve the problems of frequency deviation against variations in system parameters and load disturbance. The effect of system parameters variation on the control performance for frequency control in a stand-alone microgrid is also investigated. The closed-loop response obtained by the proposed AMPC has proven to be faster and adaptable for different cases considered. Moreover, the robustness of AMPC against the variation of the system parameters is studied. In addition, impacts of certain physical constraints affecting the dynamic performance of the power system, such as reheat turbine (RT), the time delay (TD), the generation rate constraint (GRC), and the dead band (DB) for steam turbine were investigated. The simulation results of the proposed model demonstrated good dynamic response, robustness, optimum performance, and superiority of the proposed AMPC technique to the MPC control technique.