TY - CHAP
T1 - Light Delivery Approaches for Brain Photobiomodulation
AU - Salehpour, Farzad
AU - Sadigh-Eteghad, Saeed
AU - Mahmoudi, Javad
AU - Kamari, Farzin
AU - Cassano, Paolo
AU - Hamblin, Michael Richard
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Non-invasive delivery of photons from an external light source to the head and thence into the brain tissue is generally referred to as transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM). In this approach, light must pass through several types of tissue, such as the scalp, skull, periosteal, meningeal, subdural space, arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, and pia mater, successively, until reaching the cortical surface. Hair can also act as a significant attenuator of light in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, and its barrier role should be taken into account when other parts of head (not the forehead) are irradiated.
AB - Non-invasive delivery of photons from an external light source to the head and thence into the brain tissue is generally referred to as transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM). In this approach, light must pass through several types of tissue, such as the scalp, skull, periosteal, meningeal, subdural space, arachnoid mater, subarachnoid space, and pia mater, successively, until reaching the cortical surface. Hair can also act as a significant attenuator of light in the visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, and its barrier role should be taken into account when other parts of head (not the forehead) are irradiated.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85169003736&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-031-36231-6_6
DO - 10.1007/978-3-031-36231-6_6
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85169003736
T3 - Synthesis Lectures on Biomedical Engineering
SP - 103
EP - 136
BT - Synthesis Lectures on Biomedical Engineering
PB - Springer Nature
ER -