Insights into logical method selection for modification of chitosan and alginate towards the adsorption of heavy metal ions: a review

Asmaa Benettayeb, Mustapha Hadj Brahim, Basant Lal, Saleh Al-Farraj, Mohamed Belkacem, Malbenia John Masamvu, Boumediene Haddou, Abdullah Ali Alkahtane, Chin hua Chia, Mika Sillanpaa, Soumya Ghosh, Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

6 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Is it necessary to modify the structure of chitosan and alginate before their use in adsorption? If yes, what type of modification can be used, and what agent should be chosen for the modification? Is there a difference between grafting and crosslinking agents and what are the benefits of each after adsorption? This review article tries to answer these questions by comparing the efficiency of biosorption of certain metals on alginate and chitosan, both before and after modification. Understanding the limitations, benefits, and drawbacks of each type of modification is essential in the field of water and wastewater treatment. Hence, this review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using each grafting agent and the benefits of modifying the alginate and chitosan adsorbents. It tries to develop insights into the linkage between selected modification agents and types of pollutants and their bonding preferences with respect to –O, –N, and –S atoms. Thus, it highlights the contributions of each functional group added to alginate and chitosan structures through grafting, cross-linking, or both. Also, it elaborates on the corresponding benefits of each functional group (or modification) in the biosorption process. The type of contribution of each type of modification to the sorption efficiency, the way pH changes affect, reduction in adsorbent dose, the mechanisms involved in the process, the nature of adsorption, and other added properties in comparison to their natural forms, are discussed in this review, and some perspectives are suggested for future studies. Based on the concepts and ideas discussed in the current review, one can make more informed and insightful choices when selecting and modifying the studied adsorbent.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)398-420
Number of pages23
JournalEnvironmental Technology Reviews
Volume13
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2024

Keywords

  • Water treatment
  • alginate
  • biosorption
  • bonding preference
  • chitosan
  • metal classification
  • modification
  • sorption performance

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Water Science and Technology
  • Waste Management and Disposal
  • Pollution

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