Impact of Nutraceuticals on Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Micro- and Macrovasculopathies

Philanathi Mabena, Thandi M.D. Fasemore, Pilani Nkomozepi

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM), one of the most serious non-communicable diseases, has long-term negative effects on the healthcare system due to its microvascular and macrovascular manifestations, which can be fatal if left untreated. Nutraceuticals, on the other hand, are alternative therapy choices of orally consumed natural food ingredients applicable in the management of several diseases, including diabetes mellitus. Through their antioxidant capabilities and bioactive components, nutraceuticals have been clinically demonstrated to be effective in preventing a number of ailments, including cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and kidney problems. Flavonoids, which are categorized as phytochemicals, are present in several of these nutraceuticals. Cocoa, one of the flavanols engaged in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, provides an additional non-pharmaceutical intervention in the management of diabetes mellitus, which, in part, is because of its high antioxidant capacity. Additionally, flavonoids improve insulin resistance and sensitivity, dyslipidemia, endothelial function, and blood pressure, as well as lower oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. As a result, they may be able to stop the progression of long-term vascular consequences of diabetes, such as cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. Therefore, the effects of nutraceuticals (as an alternative treatment) on diabetic-related micro- and macrovascular problems are the main focus of this review.

Original languageEnglish
Article number64
JournalApplied Sciences (Switzerland)
Volume14
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jan 2024

Keywords

  • diabetes mellitus
  • macrovascular
  • nephropathy
  • neuropathy
  • nutraceuticals
  • retinopathy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Materials Science
  • Instrumentation
  • General Engineering
  • Process Chemistry and Technology
  • Computer Science Applications
  • Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes

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