Heat Transfer Scrutiny in MHD Mixed Convective Flow of Williamson Tri-Hybrid Nanofluids Past a Horizontal Circular Cylinder

In the modern world of technology, thermal performance of the working fluid can be greatly enhanced through adding one or more nanoparticles into a base fluid. Therefore, the intention of this work is to scrutinize heat transfer in magnetized mixed convective flow of Williamson ternary (tri)-hybrid nanofluid (THNF) across a horizontal circular cylinder in a porous medium with suction/injection, partial slip and convective boundary conditions. The novelty of the study is enhanced by utilizing features of varying fluid properties, nonlinear radiation and heat source/sink for analysis of heat transfer characteristics of the working THNF flow. The formation of THNF is achieved through the sequential suspension of copper, alumina and titania onto water as base fluid. The dimensionless conservation equations are handled via the domain-decomposition bivariate spectral local linearization method. The deportment of particular parameters on velocity field and thermal dissemination along with quantities of engineering interest are disclosed. We found that temperature is enhanced by considering nonlinear thermal radiation, variant thermal conductivity and convective boundary conditions. The use of tri-hybrid nanoparticles contributes towards thermal augmentation of the Williamson working fluid. The heat transfer coefficients have higher magnitude for THNF of assisting flow, but lower magnitude in the opposing flow. Reported findings can be used as a reference for inspecting the capability of THNF in minimizing the production cost than when metal nanofluid is used.