Eye anatomy, physiology, and ocular barriers

Jonathan Tersur Orasugh, Dipankar Chattopadhyay, Suprakas Sinha Ray, Anjan Adhikari

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapterpeer-review

Abstract

The human eye, with its intricate anatomy and finely tuned physiology, represents a remarkable biological system that is crucial for visual perception. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of eye anatomy and physiology, highlighting the vital components that enable vision and the natural barriers that safeguard ocular health. It also delves into the innovative realm of in situ-forming polymeric hydrogels and their multifaceted applications within ophthalmology. This chapter begins by elucidating the anatomy of the eye, emphasizing the key structures such as the cornea, iris, lens, retina, and optic nerve. Furthermore, the natural ocular barriers, including the corneal barrier and blood-ocular barriers, are explored, elucidating their roles in protecting the eye from external threats while maintaining internal homeostasis. The core focus of the chapter then shifts to in situ-forming polymeric hydrogels, which have emerged as versatile materials in ophthalmic research and clinical practice. These hydrogels, capable of transitioning from a liquid to a gel state within the eye, offer a dynamic platform for various applications. The discussion encompasses their role in drug delivery, both as sustained release systems for therapeutic agents and as vehicles for targeted treatment of ocular diseases. In summary, this chapter provides a comprehensive synthesis of the intricate interplay between eye anatomy, physiology, and ocular barriers, with a particular focus on the evolving landscape of in situ-forming polymeric hydrogels in ophthalmology. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and students seeking a deeper understanding of the eye's complex architecture and the innovative technologies shaping its future in healthcare.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationStimuli-Responsive Hydrogels for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery
PublisherElsevier
Pages363-383
Number of pages21
ISBN (Electronic)9780323991568
ISBN (Print)9780323993593
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jan 2024

Keywords

  • Clinical applications
  • Drug delivery
  • Eye anatomy
  • In situ-forming polymeric hydrogels
  • Ocular barriers
  • Sustained release

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Engineering
  • General Materials Science

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