TY - JOUR
T1 - Environmental exposures to cadmium and lead as potential causes of eye diseases
AU - Ebrahimi, Moein
AU - Ebrahimi, Maryam
AU - Vergroesen, Joëlle E.
AU - Aschner, Michael
AU - Sillanpää, Mika
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors
PY - 2024/3
Y1 - 2024/3
N2 - Humans are exposed to cadmium and lead in various regions of the world daily due to industrial development and climate change. Increasing numbers of preclinical and clinical studies indicate that heavy metals, such as cadmium and lead, play a role in the pathogenesis of eye diseases. Excessive exposure to heavy metals such as cadmium and lead can increase the risk of impaired vision. Therefore, it is essential to better characterize the role of these non-essential metals in disease etiology and progression. This article discusses the potential role of cadmium and lead in the development of age-related eye diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, and glaucoma. Furthermore, we discuss how cadmium and lead affect ocular cells and provide an overview of putative pathological mechanisms associated with their propensity to damage the eye.
AB - Humans are exposed to cadmium and lead in various regions of the world daily due to industrial development and climate change. Increasing numbers of preclinical and clinical studies indicate that heavy metals, such as cadmium and lead, play a role in the pathogenesis of eye diseases. Excessive exposure to heavy metals such as cadmium and lead can increase the risk of impaired vision. Therefore, it is essential to better characterize the role of these non-essential metals in disease etiology and progression. This article discusses the potential role of cadmium and lead in the development of age-related eye diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, and glaucoma. Furthermore, we discuss how cadmium and lead affect ocular cells and provide an overview of putative pathological mechanisms associated with their propensity to damage the eye.
KW - Age-related macular degeneration
KW - Cataracts
KW - Environmental pollution
KW - Glaucoma
KW - Safe environment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85182016592&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127358
DO - 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127358
M3 - Review article
C2 - 38113800
AN - SCOPUS:85182016592
SN - 0946-672X
VL - 82
JO - Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
JF - Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology
M1 - 127358
ER -