Enhancement of the insulating properties of epoxy based nanocomposites induced with SiO₂ nanoparticles derived from rice husk for high-voltage application

Ceramic materials were formerly employed only as high-voltage transmission insulators. However, high-voltage transmission insulators are presently being replaced by polymeric materials owing to the limitations of ceramic materials, such as their high weight, difficulties in processing, and weak mechanical strength. Polymeric insulators, on the other hand, which solve most of the problems associated with ceramic insulators, have their own set of flaws. Low mechanical strength and low operating temperature are only a few of the shortcomings. The goal of this research was to improve the electrical conductivity, strength, and thermal characteristics of an epoxy composite made from SiO₂ nanoparticles derived from rice husk waste materials for use as a high-voltage transmission insulator. The composites were produced using solution stir-cast method. Electrical conductivity, tensile strength, thermal, and microstructure were determined. A 52.46% increment in the tensile strength and an 83.043% reduction in the electrical conductivity were obtained. The tensile strength and insulating characteristics are within the required range for high voltage insulators. It was established that the developed composite insulator can tolerate voltages up to 14.5 kV. The developed composite material could be used to make high-strength electrical insulators that are also good at keeping heat in and maintaining their shape.