Economic and Stability Analysis of Solar Based Distributed Generators in Residential Buses of Distribution System

Distributed Generators (DGs) are decentralized stations of small-scale electricity generation that are capable of supplying the loads near it. The installation of DGs in a system is an efficient approach to power distribution systems as it helps in overcoming challenges of increasing demand in a sustainable manner. This work focuses on the installation of renewabletype solar DGs at the head nodes of the residential buses of IEEE 118-bus distribution system. Optimum size of DGs are placed at head nodes of the system to see a reduction in the losses incurred and the improvement of the Voltage Stability Index(VSI) of buses. A comprehensive analysis has been carried out under different loading conditions of two scenarios based on seasonal changes and availability of solar power to reduce active power losses, improve voltage stability, and minimize the cost associated with it ultimately to maximize the efficiency of the network by bringing a change in the system economics. The reduction of 73.3% in hourly losses and 3.41% reduction in the overall operational cost for Scenario 1, and reduction of 40.27% in hourly losses and 2.12% reduction in the overall operational cost for Scenario 2, affirm that the targeted deployment of DGs not only strengthens the operational resilience of the distribution network but also supports the broader transition toward cleaner and more sustainable energy solutions.