Cost-Centric Optimal Framework for PHEV Integrated Microgrid System Considering Shiftable Loads

Plugged-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are crucial for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of microgrid (MG) operations. PHEVs can optimize energy use and lessen dependency on grid electricity by serving as mobile energy storage units that can store excess renewable energy and release it during periods of high demand. Their bi-directional power transaction capability commonly termed as grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) facilitates frequency regulation and load balancing, and their incorporation with demand side management (DSM) programs reduces operating expenses, encourages the use of renewable energy sources, and guarantees a dependable, sustainable microgrid system. This paper proposes a recently developed one-to-one based optimizer (OOBO) to minimize the operation cost of a MG system for varying arrival state-of-charge (SOC) and arrival-departure period of PHEV. Two different load shifting strategies are also implemented and their impact on cost-effective operation of the MG system is compared. Numerical results show that higher arrival SOC and price dependent optimal load shifting method are economic practices among the others.