Correlation analysis of project management practices and performance outcomes in social housing projects

South Africa urgently requires low-income and subsidised housing projects to meet growing demand. However, these projects often yield unsatisfactory outcomes (including time and cost overruns as well as quality deficiencies) that are largely due to an inadequate understanding of effective project management practices (PMPs). This study examines correlations between key PMPs and project performance outcomes (PPOs) in South African Social Housing Projects (SHPs). A quantitative study was conducted using a questionnaire survey distributed to SMEs registered with the National Home Builders Registration Council (NHBRC) and the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB). Of the 158 questionnaires administered, 116 valid responses were received, yielding a 73.41% response rate. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including Spearman correlation coefficients and exploratory factor analysis. The results revealed a positive correlation between PMPs and PPOs, with schedule, scope, quality and communication management significantly influencing PPOs, potentially by enhancing project coordination and stakeholder engagement. Procurement management showed no significant correlation, possibly indicating inefficiencies in its current implementation or a mismatch with measured performance dimensions, thereby highlighting areas for further research. These findings provide practical guidance for contractors and stakeholders to enhance efficiency and potentially improve project success rates and resource utilisation in SHP delivery.