Competing or Complimentary Actors in the Journalistic Field? An Analysis of the Mediation of the COVID-19 Pandemic by Mainstream and Peripheral Content Creators in Zimbabwe

Unlike previous pandemics and epidemics, the ever-mutating coronavirus (also known as COVID-19) has attracted the attention of both the mainstream and peripheral journalistic actors across the globe. Similar to professional journalists, peripheral actors produced and circulated locally specific public health information on COVID-19 and challenged state media narratives. This article, which focuses on Zimbabwe, attempts to critically analyse the ways in which mainstream and peripheral journalistic actors complemented and competed against each other in their bid to produce and circulate credible and truthful information about the COVID-19. The article employs a mix of in-depth interviews with mainstream and peripheral journalistic actors as well as qualitative content analysis of news articles published by The Herald and Twitter posts published by peripheral actors (including public intellectuals, social media influencers, ordinary people) popularly known as Twimbos (Zimbabweans on Twitter). Although public health communication was centralised by the government bodies, this article provides new evidence of how peripheral journalistic actors played an instrumental role in educating and providing life-saving information about the pandemic as well as exposing multiple government failures in handling the COVID-19 pandemic.