Comparative Study of the Effect of Dry, Mineral Oil, and TiO₂ Nano-Lubricant on Tool Wear During Face-Milling Machining of Ti-6al-4v-Eli Using Carbide Tool Insert

Titanium alloys are valuable materials in the manufacturing industry. They are applied to develop major parts in the aerospace, automobile, and aeronautic industry. The major challenge faced by the manufacturer is the ability to cut Titanium alloys to the specific shape desired. The influence of nanoparticles as an additive to the mineral oil is vital in the machining of Titanium alloys to reduce vibration and friction, leading to high wear in the cutting tool. The quest for a sustainable and reliable method to minimize tool wear and increase efficiency has led to the nano-lubricants application during metal machining. Therefore, this research focus on the impact of three machining cutting conditions on TI-6AL-4V-ELI during face-milling operations. The Taguchi experimental design method was employed to study the machining factors effects on the tool wear by varies the machining factors, such as Cutting speed: 2000 rpm, 2500 rpm, and 3000 rpm, Feed rate: 150 mm/min, 200 mm/min, 250 mm/min, Depth of Cut: 0.3 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.9 mm and the cutting conditions: dry, mineral oil and Titanium Oxide (TiO₂) nano-lubricant to study their effects on the Carbide Insert cutting tool wear minimization for improving workpiece's machinability. This research also studies the interactions of the machining factors on the tool wear under the three lubrication cutting conditions. The findings confirm that the state of TiO2 nano-lubricants decreased the tool wear for all the experimental runs. The signal-to-noise ratio results from the Taguchi design show that the cutting condition has a significant role in having 5.794. The cutting speed of 2.145, the feed rate of 0.789, and the depth of cut were 0.724.