Comparative examination of the chemistry and biology of AI-driven gold NPs in Theranostics: New insights into biosensing, bioimaging, genomics, diagnostics, and therapy

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) with nanomedicine is transforming Theranostics, driving advances in biosensing, bioimaging, genomics, diagnostics, and treatment. This review highlights the latest advancements in AI-driven nanomedicine, focusing on its transformative impact on healthcare. AI-integrated biosensors offer ultra-sensitive, real-time biomaterial detection, reducing false positives by 40 %. In bioimaging, AI algorithms improve resolution to 10 nm, particularly in gold nanoparticles (AuNP)-based imaging. AuNPs, leveraging surface plasmon resonance (SPR), act as contrast agents for early disease detection. AI accelerates genomic analysis, increasing sequencing accuracy by 30 %, enhancing biomarker identification for personalized medicine. AI powered diagnostics ensure rapid, non-invasive pathogen detection within 30 min with 95 % accuracy. AI-driven drug delivery systems enable precise, controlled release, reducing side effects by 20 %. This review explores AI-enhanced AuNPs in biosensing, bioimaging, genomics, diagnostics, and therapy while addressing challenges like scalability, biocompatibility. AI's role in Nanomedicine underscores its potential to revolutionize personalized medicine and future healthcare innovations.