Clean and economic operation of a PHEV-integrated microgrid system implementing a novel load shifting cum-curtailing strategy

This study proposes a comprehensive Demand Side Management (DSM) framework for low voltage microgrids (MGs), incorporating Load Curtailment Policy (LCP), Load Shifting Policy (LSP), and a novel Combined Load Shifting and Curtailment Policy (CLSCP). The framework modifies the base load profile to achieve cost-effective and environmentally sustainable grid operation. LSP reallocates 20% of elastic loads to off-peak hours, while LCP achieves a 50 kW load reduction, resulting in USD 197 in financial gains for the DISCOM and USD 100 incentives for consumers. CLSCP outperforms individual strategies by minimizing generation cost and emissions—achieving a 12% reduction in generation cost (USD 500) compared to the base load (USD 568), and limiting emissions to 1017 kg, versus 1062 kg in the base scenario. CLSCP is identified as the optimal trade-off, offering both economic and environmental benefits while accommodating plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) integration.