Circular RNAs: New Epigenetic Signatures in Viral Infections

Javid Sadri Nahand; Sogol Jamshidi; Michael R. Hamblin; Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran; Massoud Vosough; Marzieh Jamali; Alireza Khatami; Mohsen Moghoofei; Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi; Hamed Mirzaei

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01853

Circular RNAs: New Epigenetic Signatures in Viral Infections

Javid Sadri Nahand, Sogol Jamshidi, Michael R. Hamblin, Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran, Massoud Vosough, Marzieh Jamali, Alireza Khatami, Mohsen Moghoofei, Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi, Hamed Mirzaei

Laser Research Centre

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

68 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Covalent closed circular RNAs (circRNAs) can act as a bridge between non-coding RNAs and coding messenger RNAs. CircRNAs are generated by a back-splicing mechanism during post-transcriptional processing and are abundantly expressed in eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs can act via the modulation of RNA transcription and protein production, and by the sponging of microRNAs (miRNAs). CircRNAs are now thought to be involved in many different biological and pathological processes. Some studies have suggested that the expression of host circRNAs is dysregulated in several types of virus-infected cells, compared to control cells. It is highly likely that viruses can use these molecules for their own purposes. In addition, some viral genes are able to produce viral circRNAs (VcircRNA) by a back-splicing mechanism. However, the viral genes that encode VcircRNAs, and their functions, are poorly studied. In this review, we highlight some new findings about the interaction of host circRNAs and viral infection. Moreover, the potential of VcircRNAs derived from the virus itself, to act as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is summarized.

Original language	English
Article number	1853
Journal	Frontiers in Microbiology
Volume	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01853
Publication status	Published - 31 Jul 2020

Keywords

VcircRNA
back-splicing
biomarker
circular RNA
epigenetics
viral infection

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Microbiology
Microbiology (medical)

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.3389/fmicb.2020.01853

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title = "Circular RNAs: New Epigenetic Signatures in Viral Infections",

abstract = "Covalent closed circular RNAs (circRNAs) can act as a bridge between non-coding RNAs and coding messenger RNAs. CircRNAs are generated by a back-splicing mechanism during post-transcriptional processing and are abundantly expressed in eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs can act via the modulation of RNA transcription and protein production, and by the sponging of microRNAs (miRNAs). CircRNAs are now thought to be involved in many different biological and pathological processes. Some studies have suggested that the expression of host circRNAs is dysregulated in several types of virus-infected cells, compared to control cells. It is highly likely that viruses can use these molecules for their own purposes. In addition, some viral genes are able to produce viral circRNAs (VcircRNA) by a back-splicing mechanism. However, the viral genes that encode VcircRNAs, and their functions, are poorly studied. In this review, we highlight some new findings about the interaction of host circRNAs and viral infection. Moreover, the potential of VcircRNAs derived from the virus itself, to act as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is summarized.",

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author = "Nahand, {Javid Sadri} and Sogol Jamshidi and Hamblin, {Michael R.} and Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran and Massoud Vosough and Marzieh Jamali and Alireza Khatami and Mohsen Moghoofei and Baghi, {Hossein Bannazadeh} and Hamed Mirzaei",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Copyright {\textcopyright} 2020 Nahand, Jamshidi, Hamblin, Mahjoubin-Tehran, Vosough, Jamali, Khatami, Moghoofei, Baghi and Mirzaei.",

year = "2020",

month = jul,

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doi = "10.3389/fmicb.2020.01853",

language = "English",

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T2 - New Epigenetic Signatures in Viral Infections

AU - Nahand, Javid Sadri

AU - Jamshidi, Sogol

AU - Hamblin, Michael R.

AU - Mahjoubin-Tehran, Maryam

AU - Vosough, Massoud

AU - Jamali, Marzieh

AU - Khatami, Alireza

AU - Moghoofei, Mohsen

AU - Baghi, Hossein Bannazadeh

AU - Mirzaei, Hamed

PY - 2020/7/31

Y1 - 2020/7/31

N2 - Covalent closed circular RNAs (circRNAs) can act as a bridge between non-coding RNAs and coding messenger RNAs. CircRNAs are generated by a back-splicing mechanism during post-transcriptional processing and are abundantly expressed in eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs can act via the modulation of RNA transcription and protein production, and by the sponging of microRNAs (miRNAs). CircRNAs are now thought to be involved in many different biological and pathological processes. Some studies have suggested that the expression of host circRNAs is dysregulated in several types of virus-infected cells, compared to control cells. It is highly likely that viruses can use these molecules for their own purposes. In addition, some viral genes are able to produce viral circRNAs (VcircRNA) by a back-splicing mechanism. However, the viral genes that encode VcircRNAs, and their functions, are poorly studied. In this review, we highlight some new findings about the interaction of host circRNAs and viral infection. Moreover, the potential of VcircRNAs derived from the virus itself, to act as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is summarized.

AB - Covalent closed circular RNAs (circRNAs) can act as a bridge between non-coding RNAs and coding messenger RNAs. CircRNAs are generated by a back-splicing mechanism during post-transcriptional processing and are abundantly expressed in eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs can act via the modulation of RNA transcription and protein production, and by the sponging of microRNAs (miRNAs). CircRNAs are now thought to be involved in many different biological and pathological processes. Some studies have suggested that the expression of host circRNAs is dysregulated in several types of virus-infected cells, compared to control cells. It is highly likely that viruses can use these molecules for their own purposes. In addition, some viral genes are able to produce viral circRNAs (VcircRNA) by a back-splicing mechanism. However, the viral genes that encode VcircRNAs, and their functions, are poorly studied. In this review, we highlight some new findings about the interaction of host circRNAs and viral infection. Moreover, the potential of VcircRNAs derived from the virus itself, to act as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is summarized.

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KW - epigenetics

KW - viral infection

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Circular RNAs: New Epigenetic Signatures in Viral Infections

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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