TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of Antioxidant Potential of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials from Different Sources
AU - Famutimi, Oladoyin Grace
AU - Masha, Sam
AU - Maluleke, Rodney
AU - Ncapayi, Vuyelwa
AU - Lebepe, Thabang Calvin
AU - Mgedle, Nande
AU - Kungwa, Cynthia Mutendu
AU - Fanoro, Olufunto Tolulope
AU - Adewale, Isaac Olusanjo
AU - Oluwafemi, Oluwatobi Samuel
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 by the authors.
PY - 2025/10
Y1 - 2025/10
N2 - Antioxidants regulate oxidative reactions by impeding, delaying, or inhibiting the oxidation of biomolecules. Concerns regarding the toxicity of synthetic antioxidants have driven the search for safer alternatives. In this study, the antioxidant activities of three nontoxic carbon-based nanomaterials—carbon dots from citric acid precursor (CB-Ca), iron-doped carbon dots (CB-Fe) and carbon dots derived from Momordica charantia leaves (CB-Mc)—were investigated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. Scavenging activity was carried out at varying concentrations, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated using non-linear regression. Reductive ability and TAC were expressed as mg ascorbic acid equivalents/g nanomaterial. CB-Fe exhibited the most potent DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 254.2 ± 37.37 µg/mL), surpassing CB-Mc and CB-Ca by 2- to 3-fold. In contrast, CB-Ca had the highest H2O2 scavenging (IC50 = 84.2 ± 11.87 µg/mL), while CB-Mc had the highest TAC of 77.95 mg ascorbic acid Eq/g. CB-Fe also displayed superior ferric ion reducing capacity. The study concluded that each carbon dot type exhibits unique antioxidant profiles and may offer some special advantages in nanomedicine and other applications.
AB - Antioxidants regulate oxidative reactions by impeding, delaying, or inhibiting the oxidation of biomolecules. Concerns regarding the toxicity of synthetic antioxidants have driven the search for safer alternatives. In this study, the antioxidant activities of three nontoxic carbon-based nanomaterials—carbon dots from citric acid precursor (CB-Ca), iron-doped carbon dots (CB-Fe) and carbon dots derived from Momordica charantia leaves (CB-Mc)—were investigated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging, ferric-reducing antioxidant power, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. Scavenging activity was carried out at varying concentrations, and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated using non-linear regression. Reductive ability and TAC were expressed as mg ascorbic acid equivalents/g nanomaterial. CB-Fe exhibited the most potent DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 254.2 ± 37.37 µg/mL), surpassing CB-Mc and CB-Ca by 2- to 3-fold. In contrast, CB-Ca had the highest H2O2 scavenging (IC50 = 84.2 ± 11.87 µg/mL), while CB-Mc had the highest TAC of 77.95 mg ascorbic acid Eq/g. CB-Fe also displayed superior ferric ion reducing capacity. The study concluded that each carbon dot type exhibits unique antioxidant profiles and may offer some special advantages in nanomedicine and other applications.
KW - antioxidant
KW - carbon dots
KW - nanomaterials
KW - oxidative stress
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105020166602
U2 - 10.3390/antiox14101227
DO - 10.3390/antiox14101227
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105020166602
SN - 2076-3921
VL - 14
JO - Antioxidants
JF - Antioxidants
IS - 10
M1 - 1227
ER -