Application of functionalised MXene-carbon nanoparticle-polymer composites in resistive hydrostatic pressure sensors

The synthesised and functionalised materials were characterised using TEM, SEM, Raman and P-XRD. The characterisation techniques confirmed that a successful functionalisation of Ti₃AlC₂, the synthesised and functional groups on the carbon nanoparticles. The TEM and SEM were also used to study the surface morphology of the materials. The pressure sensor was fabricated by depositing the polymer composites on the IDE and different types of pressure sensors were prepared by varying the sensing materials in the composites. Generally, the fabricated sensors, based on the two polymers, Ppy and PVP polymer, have shown a linear relationship between the applied pressure and the relative resistance response in their respective ranges. The best sensitive sensors were f-MC/Ppy bases sensor 0.00232 kPa⁻¹ in a range from 126 to 168 kPa, in a very wide range, 68–168 kPa, the sensitivity of the f-MC/CNPs based sensor was 0.00017 kPa⁻¹. The sensors recoveries and responses time were also studied and all the sensors based on Ppy polymer responded very fast as compare to PVP based sensors, they responded just in one second and the recovery time was between 3 and 5 s. The PVP based sensors found slower to respond and recover as compare to the Ppy based sensors.