Anticancer Properties of Graviola (Annona muricata Lin.): A Comprehensive Mechanistic Review

Year after year, there are more cases of cancer, sparking questions about the effectiveness of available treatments. As a result, patients are searching for new therapies to supplement and/or replace radiotherapy, surgery, and chemotherapy. Graviola and other plants have been found to contain phytochemicals compounds that could be employed to cure cancer. This review seeks to highlight the phytochemicals from A. muricata as possible anticancer agents, taking into account the increasing inadequacies of cancer treatments provided by healthcare facilities. Graviola's potential to suppress malignant cell proliferation while having minimal to no impact on normal cell survival has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo systems against a wide range of human cancers and pathogens. The antioxidant property of bioactive principles in A. muricata appears to influence the anticancer potentials of the plant. Graviola extracts made from various plant parts have been found to have a variety of phytochemical components. Phenols, alkaloids, acetogenins and essential oils are the most important phytochemical components isolated. In vivo and in vitro studies have revealed that A. muricata extracts and bioactive compounds have anticancer and antioxidant properties.