TY - JOUR
T1 - Anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activity of Helichrysum odoratissimum sweet. Against lung cancer
AU - Esmear, Tenille
AU - Twilley, Danielle
AU - Thipe, Velaphi Clement
AU - Katti, Kattesh V.
AU - Mandiwana, Vusani
AU - Kalombo, Michel Lonji
AU - Ray, Suprakas Sinha
AU - Rikhotso-Mbungela, Rirhandzu
AU - Bovilla, Venugopal Reddy
AU - Madhunapantula, Subba Rao
AU - Langhanshova, Lenka
AU - Roma-Rodrigues, Catarina
AU - Fernandes, Alexandra R.
AU - Baptista, Pedro
AU - Hlati, Silvestre
AU - Pretorius, Judey
AU - Lall, Namrita
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 SAAB
PY - 2024/3
Y1 - 2024/3
N2 - Lung cancer remains the top killing cancer worldwide despite advances in treatment. Seven ethanolic plant extracts were selected and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against the two main types of lung cancers: non-small cell (A549) and small cell lung cancer cells (SHP-77). An ethanolic extract of Helichrysum odoratissimum Sweet (HO) showed significant antiproliferative activity against lung cancer, with a fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 83.43 ± 1.60 µg/mL (A549), 49.46 ± 0.48 µg/mL (SHP-77) and 50.71 ± 2.27 µg/mL, against normal lung epithelial cells (MRC-5), resulting in a selectivity index (SI) value of 0.61 on A549 cells and 1.03 on SHP-77 cells, which was compared to the positive drug control, actinomycin D where the SI values were found to be 2 and 0.25 against A549 and SHP-77 cells, respectively. Against murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and hepatocytes (HepG2), the HO ethanolic extract showed IC50 values of 60.15 ± 1.98 µg/mL and 23.61 ± 1.06 µg/mL, respectively. Microscopy showed that the HO ethanolic extract induced apoptosis in the A549 and HepG2 cells at 50 µg/mL and 300 µg/mL, respectively. The HO ethanolic extract, furthermore, inhibited the pro-inflammatory enzymes, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) with IC50 values of 7.94 ± 3.84 µg/mL and 2.08 ± 1.35 µg/mL, respectively, whereas the positive controls Ibuprofen (COX-2) and Zileuton (5-LOX) showed IC50 values of 0.85 ± 0.14 µg/mL and 0.06 ± 0.05 µg/mL, respectively. The activity of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), which is a direct target of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (NRF2), was significantly inhibited in the A549 cells by the HO ethanolic extract (at 125 µg/mL) when compared to the positive control, brusatol (at 500 nM). Using the ex ovo yolk sac membrane (YSM) assay, the HO ethanolic extract (at 18.5 µg/egg) showed a 31.65 ± 12.80% inhibition of blood vessel formation. This is the first report of the noteworthy antiproliferative activity of the HO ethanolic extract on lung cancer cells including its potential to target several enzymes associated with inflammation and therefore, should be considered for further analysis.
AB - Lung cancer remains the top killing cancer worldwide despite advances in treatment. Seven ethanolic plant extracts were selected and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against the two main types of lung cancers: non-small cell (A549) and small cell lung cancer cells (SHP-77). An ethanolic extract of Helichrysum odoratissimum Sweet (HO) showed significant antiproliferative activity against lung cancer, with a fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 83.43 ± 1.60 µg/mL (A549), 49.46 ± 0.48 µg/mL (SHP-77) and 50.71 ± 2.27 µg/mL, against normal lung epithelial cells (MRC-5), resulting in a selectivity index (SI) value of 0.61 on A549 cells and 1.03 on SHP-77 cells, which was compared to the positive drug control, actinomycin D where the SI values were found to be 2 and 0.25 against A549 and SHP-77 cells, respectively. Against murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and hepatocytes (HepG2), the HO ethanolic extract showed IC50 values of 60.15 ± 1.98 µg/mL and 23.61 ± 1.06 µg/mL, respectively. Microscopy showed that the HO ethanolic extract induced apoptosis in the A549 and HepG2 cells at 50 µg/mL and 300 µg/mL, respectively. The HO ethanolic extract, furthermore, inhibited the pro-inflammatory enzymes, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) with IC50 values of 7.94 ± 3.84 µg/mL and 2.08 ± 1.35 µg/mL, respectively, whereas the positive controls Ibuprofen (COX-2) and Zileuton (5-LOX) showed IC50 values of 0.85 ± 0.14 µg/mL and 0.06 ± 0.05 µg/mL, respectively. The activity of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1), which is a direct target of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (NRF2), was significantly inhibited in the A549 cells by the HO ethanolic extract (at 125 µg/mL) when compared to the positive control, brusatol (at 500 nM). Using the ex ovo yolk sac membrane (YSM) assay, the HO ethanolic extract (at 18.5 µg/egg) showed a 31.65 ± 12.80% inhibition of blood vessel formation. This is the first report of the noteworthy antiproliferative activity of the HO ethanolic extract on lung cancer cells including its potential to target several enzymes associated with inflammation and therefore, should be considered for further analysis.
KW - 5-LOX
KW - A549 lung cancer cells
KW - Anti-inflammatory
KW - COX-2
KW - Gold nanoparticles
KW - Helichrysum odoratissimum sweet.
KW - In vivo angiogenesis
KW - Microscopy
KW - NQO1
KW - Yolk sac membrane assay
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85184072825&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.01.056
DO - 10.1016/j.sajb.2024.01.056
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85184072825
SN - 0254-6299
VL - 166
SP - 525
EP - 538
JO - South African Journal of Botany
JF - South African Journal of Botany
ER -
