An overview of design considerations for 3-wheel vehicle safety improvement, considering supplementary restraint systems industrial revolution

Supplemental Restraint Systems (SRS) are safety devices built into contemporary vehicles, to reduce the direct impact vehicle interior parts have on drivers and passengers in the event of sudden collision. The need for safety features in 3-wheel vehicles is imperative due to increasing use of unconventional vehicles for both passenger transport and e-commerce last mile logistics. The paper reviews technological advancements in SRS with focus on their features in terms of innovation and applicability. This informed the design considerations for a suitable SRS system for unconventional vehicles. The paper shares historical background and significant changes that have occurred from the initial models installed in motor vehicles, to emerging technologies which are currently being installed in 2 and 4-wheel vehicles. It further researched innovative devices that complement airbags for improved vehicle safety. The study involved a logical review of literature to gain insight into the historical background of airbags and considerations from design perspective. The findings set pace to track evolution in airbags using an exploratory study approach. The study findings have created a benchmark for airbag installation in 3-wheeled vehicles.