Advancing Sustainable Construction Risk Management in Lesotho Through Digital Technologies—A PLS-SEM Approach

The study assessed the integration of digital technologies for managing risk events in the construction industry in Lesotho. This was done with a view to advancing sustainable construction risk management practices in the country and fostering a risk-resilient future. A quantitative research design, using a questionnaire as the data-collection instrument, was employed. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics, including mean scores, the Kruskal–Wallis H-test, exploratory factor analysis, and partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Findings revealed that the use of emerging digital technologies is slow-paced, albeit with gradual adoption of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, Building Information Modelling, cloud computing, and drones by international organizations operating within the country. This low usage can negatively impact the management of risk occurrences across construction project management, health and safety, design, operations, finance, and scheduling. PLS-SEM shows that this low technology integration is mainly driven by two significant groups of challenges: knowledge and regulatory challenges, and industry-related challenges. To address these challenges, a comprehensive, strategic approach that promotes capacity building, regulatory reform, industry collaboration, and government incentives is essential. The study offers practical guidance to improve the application of digital technologies, ensuring that the construction industry in Lesotho becomes more innovative and aligns with international best practices for sustainable risk management.