@article{8a7af3f2d8784fe4aac8ca0279fba7e6,
title = "A gamma-ray determination of the Universe's star formation history",
abstract = "The light emitted by all galaxies over the history of the Universe produces the extragalactic background light (EBL) at ultraviolet, optical, and infrared wavelengths. The EBL is a source of opacity for gamma rays via photon-photon interactions, leaving an imprint in the spectra of distant gamma-ray sources. We measured this attenuation using 739 active galaxies and one gamma-ray burst detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. This allowed us to reconstruct the evolution of the EBL and determine the star formation history of the Universe over 90% of cosmic time. Our star formation history is consistent with independent measurements from galaxy surveys, peaking at redshift z ~ 2. Upper limits of the EBL at the epoch of reionization suggest a turnover in the abundance of faint galaxies at z ~ 6.",
author = "{The Fermi-LAT Collaboration} and S. Abdollahi and M. Ackermann and M. Ajello and Atwood, {W. B.} and L. Baldini and J. Ballet and G. Barbiellini and D. Bastieri and {Becerra Gonzalez}, J. and R. Bellazzini and E. Bissaldi and Blandford, {R. D.} and Bloom, {E. D.} and R. Bonino and E. Bottacini and S. Buson and J. Bregeon and P. Bruel and R. Buehler and Cameron, {R. A.} and R. Caputo and Caraveo, {P. A.} and E. Cavazzuti and E. Charles and S. Chen and Cheung, {C. C.} and G. Chiaro and S. Ciprini and J. Cohen-Tanugi and Cominsky, {L. R.} and J. Conrad and D. Costantin and S. Cutini and F. D'Ammando and {de Palma}, F. and A. Desai and Digel, {S. W.} and {Di Lalla}, N. and {Di Mauro}, M. and {Di Venere}, L. and A. Dom{\'i}nguez and C. Favuzzi and Fegan, {S. J.} and J. Finke and A. Franckowiak and Y. Fukazawa and S. Funk and P. Fusco and {Gallardo Romero}, G. and S. Razzaque",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved.",
year = "2018",
month = nov,
day = "30",
doi = "10.1126/science.aat8123",
language = "English",
volume = "362",
pages = "1031--1034",
journal = "Science",
issn = "0036-8075",
publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
number = "6418",
}