A BiCMOS lumped element model for a millimeter-wave dipole antenna

An analytical technique to model an electromagnetic center-fed, half-wavelength dipole antenna operating in the 57-64 GHz unlicensed frequency band with a lumped element model has been proposed, designed, prototyped using a 130 nm BiCMOS technology process and measured. The model based on the Foster canonical form for electrical antennas is improved to include substrate and high-frequency parasitic effects. Good correlation of ultrawideband inductive and capacitive operation is achieved with the improved circuit. Dipole performance is characterized by a S₁₁ of -12.81 dB and a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.66:1 at 60 GHz. The equivalent millimeter-wave circuit performance is S₁₁ = -12.7 dB with VSWR of 1.61:1 at 60 GHz. Measured performance of S₁₁ = -20.6 dB with VSWR of 1.20:1 at 60 GHz was recorded.